NON . ALEXANDER  H.  STEPHENS, 


"before  the 

' 

GENERAL  ASSEMBLY 


CD  the 


ST  ADD  OR  GEORGIA, 


22nd . February,  1866. 


Bought on,  Nisbet , Barnes  Moore, State  Printers 
Milleageville,  Ga . 


1866 -AOy 

BOcJestnThill.  mass. 


Milledgeville  was  at  that  tine  the  capital  of  Georg 


1 


ADDRESS 

of 

HON.  ALEXANDER  H.  STEPHENS, 

Before  the  General  Assembly  of  the  State  of  Georgia, Feb. 21,, lduo. 


Gentlemen  of  the  Senate 

and  House  of  Representatives: 

I appear  before  you  in  answer  to  your  call.  This  call, 
coming  in  the  imposing  fprm  it  does, ana  unaer  the  circumstances 
it  does, requires  a response  from  me.  You  have  assigned  to  me  a very 
high, a very  honorable , ana  responsible  position. Thi s position 
you  Know  I did  not  seeK.Most  willingly  would  I have  avoided  it; 
ana  nothing  but  an  extraordinary  sense  of  duty  could  have  inaucea 
me  to  yiela  my  own  disinclinations  ana  aversions  to  your  wishes 
and  judgment  in  the  matter.  For  this  unusual  manifestation  of 
esteem  and  confidence,  I return  you  my  profounaest  acKnowleage- 
ments  of  gratitude.  Of  one  thing  only  can  I give  you  my  assur- 
ance, and  that  is  if  I shall  be  permitted  to>  discharge  the  trusts 
thereby  imposed, they  will  be  discharged  with  a singleness  of  af 
purpose  to  the  public  good. 

Xsiixiixx^-i^xjifxewsxxKxiiFiKXBxiJsixx^The  great  object  with  me  no(^ 
is  to  see  a restoration, if  possible, of  peace ,prosperi  y, ana  Constitu- 
tional liberty  in  this  once  happy, but  now  ai sturbea , agitated , and  dis- 
tracted country. To  this  end, all  my  energies  and  efforts  to  the  extent 
of  their  powers, will  be  devoted. 

You  asK  my  views  on  the  existing  state  of  affairs;  our  duties 
at  the  present;and  the  prospects  of  the  future?This  is  a tasx  from 
which  , unaer  other  circumstances,  I might  very  well  shrinx.  He  who 
ventures  to  spe&K,and  to  give  counsel  and  f^vice  in  times  of  peril, 
or  disaster,  assumes  no  enviable  position.  Far  be  that  rashness 
from  me  v/hich  sometimes  prompts  the  forward  to  rush  in 


«H  •..  , . 'V  . ' .1  '^S  & A 

■ * «•*.<•  • ^ . • • »,  , .?  , . . & »v.  •.«.•  •”* . 

f.  >'  ••  4 ' T*.  •<  v i ■ ' ••  5 . . ; . 

/ 


. • • .....  ,,  s 

O :Cj.  t..o  .d^’"  ; U.-.'IC;  S t< . ’ ti.:  .?  IC  icf*:? #£':  P,P>ij  0^ J:  ■Cic'?«k 


' ••  i:«2Qr  ...  * ;,i  .'•  • -T  v 

♦-if * . 

'V  '•  *••'••  ' Ji'-'v  t 


t . r-  s 


• •-  - • py  »uv',  u,  /-w-  ; ...  ... 

; Hfi  Vi  • IwB  31:..  ' ••  ; : : 

. . . * • ;o  •:  . , ' . - - ' ’ 1 1 ::c  .,  $*lii  ■■ 


3$ ' ; a v .' , 3 x . ; ' : t f 1;  • '.-x-i  X 5 ti r: 


& i 


...  . ■ • - -•  ,-::ss  ti  ' : '•  ' - 

a/  3 -•  1 o J OV*-.  0 VS'.i  J;  (.  V .ST!  KOsTJ-i  ■«  C n 3 9,^  0,  ,ftSGO  J I . 


;•  ■ . ...  •„.•  -■  4^ 

:•  > ¥'  ‘-JP’.  .. 


j,  1.'  4 < 

-fe 


V‘>. 


,fW  f X • . } '■  ■ .-  ■ ' • ' -4  Y . : 

. 

j .; ; ^fti££  i : . , irD  "•  0 

.^OuOuji  W i,  .Jl  V : j: : To  ssaail  p..,:  ‘i  d btk;j 

gisj  ,ii,  •;. >.i » C“  iC  j :>&3  * i-'to  i t r o-n .1  p i .4  , v.-  :s/\  o,t  v'< 

...  ■ ' 

liVOfi/U  Jao/  ■ G V t;cvv  nn.PT -3 V t 'tC  P T-i  / 

...  . • . i : . ! - C • >k  : ‘ ■' 

:e.  %:  e^buV  p 1 ±->:  betyrzr'o?.  j > ;r.a^  b^jscqni-c  ’ 'cr^?£f$  , 

. . ■ ••  . . ■ I . ' • 

■ , - - < . ^ -L  ■ - ' , : ' ' ' ^ ' • i 

• » r * . . r . ^ , 4. 


■f  ?'  *'«  y-'ft 
'.  . V-  • . .'• 


~ j •»;  . » .1 P ^.i.) 

.j.^Ti0s iii'  ! " 

i«  i .1  ‘ ,v: 

. 

•fi'lt'J  >.1'  - J 

v;r  *' 

. t Hif 

* 

f>p  0 v ?)  '.• 

• ti 

i j 


f^  (>  V M . I : •:  i 


; •(  . .;.  M.-- 


■ 


C . 'it' 


- ' ' • j . ' 2 ' ‘ ? r3 


. 


t ' ’ 


: • j i .■ 

. r r-r  \ 

w*  * 


- b 

* . !*+.:  -JL* r;CA/  - 


7 ' . U . ' 1 O " :-P‘  ' V.  f > :?•■■:  ' 

■ 


ii>  -it 
.^Vf~  ; 


4' ,4'- 


• her-  angels  nigjht  fear  to  tread.  Tr  re sport ing,  therel  ore , 

'briefly  to  your  enquiries,  I Teel,  I trust,  the  full  vu  i : t 
pna  magnitude  ox  the  subject.  It  involves  the  welfare  ol  million 
now  living, a na  that  of  many  more  Millions  ho  ere  to  come  e t r 
us.  I am  also  fully  impressed  with  the  conscionsness  ot.  the 
inconceivably  smell  effect  of  what  I shell  say,  'r  on  upon  the 
momentous  results  involved  in  the  subject  itself. 

It  is  v/i til  these  feelings,  I offer  my  mite  of  counsel  a t 

v our  rec  ue  stand  in  the  outset  of  the  under t a.Ki ng , i .1  to  <.•  ~ 

it  is  intended  to  be, to  & few  general  ideas  only  well  ma j I 

i ...  . , 

imitate  an  illustnous  example  in  invoking  aid  X rom  on  r.ign; 

’’that  I may  say  nothing  on  this  occasion  hich  may  compromit 

the  rights, the  honor,  the  dignity,  or  best  interests  oi  my 

country."  I mean  specially  the  rights, honor, dignity,  ana  best 

interests  of  the  people  ol  Georgia,  /itd  t leir  sufferings, 

their  losses, their  mi sf ortunes, their  bereavement s , and  their 

present  utter  prostration, my  heart  is  in  deepest  sympathy  . 

"Je  have  reached  that  point  in  our  affairs,;  ' hhich  the 
great  question  before  us  is  --  *To  be  or  not  to  be?’  --  ana  if 
to  be:  How?  Hppe,ever  springing  in  the  human  breast,  prompts, 
even  under  the  greatest  calamities  apd  adversities,  never  to 
despair.  Adversity  is  a severe  school,  a terrible  crucible; 
both  for  individuals  and  communities.  'e  are  now  in  this 
school, this  crucible,  and  should  bear Khinix  mind  that  it  is  neve 
negative  in  its  action.  It  is  always  positive.  It  is  ever 
decided  in  its  effects  one  way  . or-  the  other.  It  either  makes 
better  or  worse.  It  either  brings  out  unknown  vices,  or  arouses 
dorTna.nt  virtues.  In  morals, its  tendency  is  to  mQ-Ke -saint s or 
reprobates  --  in  politics  to  make  heroes  or  desperadoes. 


,1' ' T % . ........  f 

* IfL-  **  l ,X^-t  I ,a  i"  i ;•;•••  to  icc  ..  c * vit*iirf 

.tc  :3-3'tI-v;  ,r|  oevlcvrrx  t:  ..t‘)-,Krr  , ,.nv  9;  t )t,ri 

3f  0 c 5 ‘ socilJUn  T-c  vrt  ;ra  e Farit  on  t,-  i.c -i.[  c.i 

. ' ' ■ G I ' i : i ■_  > . i 0$.  ■ Q*  : • " ' ,.  : . , . . ... , 

***  l-c:£t  e 'r’^  XI^R  I J*rtw  yt  J,,-,  r r ,:M;,  ^vi^oncorti 

."r  ^ i lo  [,(iVh  adi  fix  Gevlevni  at  clar.-c- 

■ '.  IDC'WCO  'tc  ©Jim  -isrtc  I#»ini.Csd  a,;©.;*  ; * jv  i tj 
- i . 1 1 X , riiv  erft  ‘ c JeeJuc  • /rf  u o (v-Jaeroe-i  nov 

V'’  :J  'lc  * '■  o 1 s C.t/acf  c * b9mxija.r*ri  ix 

■ i-v  ■ ! ^ ' > 1/  . , -X  • r,  r 

c - A'oirf  "^isrooc  Hi  * nr  jjnxr' Jon  --  v x 

; 'u  ^391:  Hi  r.T-J  .0  t xrirj;  ru  . : t t-cncl'  9iVfrl:-^i  ) 

”'■'  * x « cnc:  t ‘ t ’i  ? * ’'II  •.io' a&en  t " . ^ ‘ai'co 

< ‘ * . 

aisx-j-.  paS'S  rrtonsv  toiecf  ixsi'J  ,n»nj  .tic  'is  <**+ t*e-3vc  F.  ixexfi 

• V-  ias  .eHo  ni  . i JiaoiJ  ...  i , no r I n is  c *io  x s + n jfi^eeio 

r ! ti  ■ I : 'I  tt-  oi  laic  * UtS  .J9/f 0 131  &vsif  9V' 

•U  - * vet  Ci  ion  u etf  c-  - ex  u sicUcf  rtc  Mao,- , 

* ■ * ' ‘-  ’ C ' . • - • ; mg' 

( V ni  f -*••'■  * on  t ri&r*l*;frIso  ia-t-e-.r  erfi  vp  >n  • nave 

*01  :‘J;  ‘ 9-  ' •”t  ’«  « Cf'03  0-t9V0.=  9 RX  VJiftTeVbA 

2iJ ^ lii  ,vc‘:  2'lfJ  9’"  .ssiiiili.  c o on 9 sX-uofvionx  id  ifjr^ 
‘&v9'1  :i  j’un  ^Iir  ^ni^-xonri  olrci'a  ^ ^icfioxio  eirft  ,lc  oxioa 
'10Vi)  a£  *z  * viii80'l  "V3wI*3  p.i  XI  .nciio*  - • i ni  eviJ^en 
3 " i:'iB  ^ ‘-c  \svv  9 rtc  elod^n  sii  ni  osoiiso 

5e"L;°ld  1 « aeo-i  v \wc  ujtnx  >cc  R^nl  ^Ois  i .oa-,c  / ic  to  Usd 

1C  nJlUd:  cj  3i  «°  aJx,Pl.ric,  it  I .28XM1XV  Jnarnco 

^CCO-Tiacaeo  • . H9C191:  C ♦ SDfiilc-  IX  - - a6‘.'i'c-S1 


The  first  inc. icrtlo.u  of  its  w jr  icing  Tar  bjoa,  to  w.nch  hope 
Iooks  anxiously,  is  the  manif  esta  ti  on  ;of  a full  consci  our-ness 
of  its  nature -and  extent, and  the  most  promising  grounds  of  hope 
for  possible  good  from  our  present  troubles,  or  of  things  with  us 
getting  better  instead  of  worse, is  the  evident  general  realization 
on  the  part  of  our  people, of  their  present  situation:  of  the 

evils  now  upon  them, and  of  the  greater  ones  still  impending. 

These  it  is  not  my  purpose. to  exaggerate  if  I could;  that  would 
be  useless;  nor  to  lessen  or  extenuate ; that  would  be  worse  than 
useless.  All  fully  understand  snc  realise  them.  They  feel  them. 

It  is  well  they  do. 

Can  these  evils  upon  us  --  the  absence  of  law;  the  want 
of  protection  and  security  of  person  ana  property, without  which 
civilization  cannot  advance  --  be  removed?  or  can  those  greeter 
ones  which  threaten  our  very  political  existence,  be  averted? 

Twese  are  the  questions. 

It  is  true  we  have  not  the  control  of  all  the  remedies, 
even  if  these  questions  could  be  satisfactorily  answered.  Our 
gortunes  ana  destinjxs  are  not  entirely  in  our  own  hand  s'.  Yet  there 
are  some  things  that  we  may, and  can, and  ought,  in  my  judgment 
to  do;  from  which  no  harm  ca.n  cone; and  from  which  some  good  may 
foll-pw,  in  bettering  our  present  condition. States  ana  communities, 
as  well  as  individuals, when  they  have  done  the  best  they  can  in 
view  of  surrounding  circumstances,  with  all  the  lights  they  have 
before  them  --  let  results  be  what  they  may  --  can  at  least  enjoy 
the  consolation  --  no  small  recompense  that  --  of  having  performed 
their  duty, and  having  a conscience  void  of  offence  before  Goa 
and  man. This, if  no  more  valuable  result , will, I trust,  attend 
the  doing  of  what  I propose. 

The  first  great  duty, then,  I would  enjoin  at  this  time, is 




; .Acf-  x.r  >.;vi  c , /U  j;  . ii  m iv  t ic  .ici-i  ; o i - i'l  • rfV 
a a *v ' . ! c io°  ico  .1  • 'i  :■  c ac  J:  I •"  :i  t j • i , I-  c * t ••;:.(  cl 

©CC  "C  : j).’.  > CM'  . ■ f •••')  ‘ Mrt  a * j 'c 

ii)  1 i iw  ; ii  I c 'ic  t v . Uv.'Fi-  ' c C'in  ;/(.  c ' X 'is;  c : 'id 

, ic  1 i ’ ' mc  '*•  vii  i ' ' t 

:n  c:.Vit;fij  .trtcssM/i  uierl-t  'ic  , ©X^cs'i1 ~.  rr  'U  iia'r  */'••  ac 

,T.niU.  to  I X i * M :9;XC.  19. t '91  . 9fTJ  ic  Ort  !©I'i  ii  C J>.  V.CM  srivo 

■ ■ X c -j  ; ■ - t , cqrvq  fpi  ■<.  i ai  ft  piptff 

.*:il  '■  99  1C  *'*  J X L c.  V*  ; k '19  -CO  1C  •’!  J C ' MO  a : B M a r M > ©Cf 

. : • J is  /•  v _ I CA  * 

. c -j  X-  J XXsw  ai  I I 

Joe,  c X ; :L  li  o mmd  ; J --  a c live  a-rsojii  imO 

Md  ii'  , -.Ji-  -c-i'-i  m : ficsia  , rtc  ili/or - Tt  • ic  i toc.tc  zq  ,>c 
1 3 t .5  ■.  i ucjii  nao  ic  ?XK  vc  iqi  o-r  --  oa  .v.  • it.  mo  nci.  ssiliv  io 

i 

. spciiaeap  orM  bis:  aaa/ 

,39i  k©P;  - 9iiJ  XI  -'C  CM  * IC  0 9 I -t  ( - V .rf  9W  r-flj  ■'!  II 

< 

019X1 1 isX.  ortsi:  nwc  mi  c \i  mCc-m  i ins  Jen.  9m-*,  wF'rJaa.o  art--,  senoiicS 
iaoi'.joct  \pi  'ii  c ntc^n-io  v™  sw  f*5r\t  a^arr'i  9r?Of5  sis 

-am  oc:  area  rfoiifv.  no  i'l  .a  ;;m‘c  > tt»;o  Pi>-rf  c.-xt  ifoiif  / mc  m"  ;c*>  ci 

t9oi  I iiu  kimc  o •.  ■ . . . i|  ••..co  • Mi.,  c 8 1 x 1 © I ..‘  s cf  ai  ,o-c  X X t "t 

1 ; i . co  ov&fl  taxioi  •: 

..V'ii;  \,oxii  axr.iiiiX  or!)  -Is  ifiiv*  .aooasis;  roixo  3x1  xantc mu  3 Ic  weiv 
Xc£,  u;  ieasl  J 11  a 0 --  v-:  ? i ;rfw  ecf  ailcaai  iol  --  nsrtt  eiciJop 

--  I'l/'M  ©B rtfiMjitfc 0 3M  [ X rjrrp  c 1 --  at  i )Xc 
Ot. ;.  eic'isd  aottol'ic  Ic  oxcv  po  loioaaco  ; saxv  i:{  cc.vi xo  Tier' I 
onotis  ,iauiJ  I , X I xw , t X»ja  ot  oXcFojjIsv  9*icrr  cn  "x,aif"  .ner  m.~ 

. eacq cto  r isriw  'ic  r=nic  i 

ai,oxriJ  axxft  t -i  nic^ae  olucv-  I ,i!c:4,V|D  iacc  . ipii”  j" 


4 

the  exercise  of  the  simp 1 , though  difficult  b try irig ,but  neverthe^ 
less  indispensable  quality  of  patience.  Patience  requires  of  tnosar 
afflicted  to*  bear  and  suffer  with  fortitude  whatever  ills  nay 
befall  them. This  is  often, and  especially  is  it  the  case  with  i*s 
now, essential  for  their  ultimate  removal  by  any  instrumentalities 
whatever .7e  are  in  the  condition  of  a man  with  a uislocatea  limb, 
or  a broken  leg,anu  a very  bad  compound  fracture  at  that.  How  it 
became  br OKeh  should  not  be  with  him  a question  of  so  much  import- 
ance,as  how  it  can  be  restored  to  health, vigor  ana  strength.  This 
requires  of  him  as  the  highest  ciuty  to  himself,  to  wait  quietly  ana 
pa.t  iently  in  splints  ana  bandages, until  natufe  resumes  her  active 
powers  --  until  the  vital  functions  perform  their  office. The  Knitting 
of  the  bones  ana  the  granulation  of  the  flesh  requires  time .Perfect 
quiet  ana  repose  even  under  the  severest  pain, is  necessary.lt  will 
not  do  to  maKe  too  great  haste  to  get  well. An  attempt  to  walls  too 
soon  will  only  rar  ice  the  rca  tter  worse. 7/e  must  or  ought  now,  therefore , 
in  a similar  manner  to  discipline  ourselves  to  the  same  or  liKe  degree 
of  patience. I Know  the  anxiety  ana  restlessness  of  the  popular 
mind  to  be  fully  on  our  feet  again  --  to  walK  abroad  as  we  once  dia-- 
to  enjoy  once  more  the  free  outdoor  air  of  Heaven, with  the  perfect 
use  of  all  our  limbs. I Know  how  trying  it  is  to  be  denied  represen- 
tation  in  Congress, while  we  paying  our  proportion  of  the  taxes  -- 
how  annoying  it  is  to  be  even  partially  under  military  rute  --  and 
how  injurious  itis  to  the  general  interest  and  business  of  the 
country  to  be  without  Post  Offices  and  mail  conmunica t i ons ; to  say 
nothing  of  divers  other  matters  on  the  long  list  of  our  present 
inconveniences  and  privat i ons . All  these, however,  we  must  patiently 
bear  and  endure  for  a season. With  quiet  and  repose  we  may  get  well-- 
may  get  once  more  on  our  feet  again. One  thing  is  certain, that  bad 

humor, ill  temper,  exhibited  either  in  restlessness  or  grumbling, 

-vill  not  hasten  it. 


Ji9vtn  tud  ^-ni^nt  . tXjxoilliJ  xf^Lscifi  ,-Iqriia  exit  1c  eaio-:-3X9  sdt 

Be  c xit  1c  a&iijjpe*!  90113  it.G  <3.  .eonsiln  :c  \3  iXsifp  elrlesnara  idni  aesl 

v :£n  p.LLi  n&vet.tffv;  sDJ'titncI  dtiw  i9l1ue  dns  *1390  Sc  + osJoilllp 

• . 9a  30  erf  t t i ai  yl X si: 09  ■ . ' . 

as  it iXstnorcuniani  \.ns  \,c-r  X evens'!  9t  >jni  tlii  n is  xit  nc'  I/3ii naaas « won 

, duiil  09 1 30c Xaio  > xitiw  non  *3  1c  ncitionco  exit  ai  91.B  9V.n9v9J.9xfw 

\ 

3 i vicV  . 3 »3fr  i t-3  snutosal  oajjcqnco  os<J  ^isv  ;j  da/3 9l  isoicod  b 10 
-tncqrci  do  uni  oe  1c  acitao-p  3 fflixf  d3  iw  9c1  ten  dlucda  rfe^c  n^  ©rafiosef 
3 1 r X .di^noiis.  .ons  nosiv  ,xft  X seif  ct  bs’rc^ei  ecf  a bo  * i werr  s.Q^sonn 
joins  yXt9ittp  3 i jv/  cl  ,lleax':ixf  c 3 \tuo  tsor f&irf  &dt  as  rrr ± i r 1c  3 9<xiu£9i 
9 v it  o •.  -i9i  29mu39i  elut  -.a  I itnu  ,393  jonsef  on  3 atnilqa  ni  Y.Itng  it Qq 
briittinx  ©xi'P.&oillc  nisrft  mnclisq  anoitom  1 I-itiv  odt  Xitnxi  --  ansveq 
t oslis'l.  9Pii  j aenciupsn  xfa  ell  9rit  1c  fici.t3Icn.Qn3  adt  one  a sued  sift  1c 
Xliv;  JI.yi33S90©n  ai,ni-3q  taanavoo  act  neonc  nsvs  sscqan  on.n  teinp 
cct  3*- X 3 Vi  c J tqmsttB  OA.XX9W  tag  ct  ©tasd  tQ9n;  cct  93C8m  ct  c d tea 
,enci9i9ii  ,wcn  Ji^cc  nc  Jacm  o, .©snev  nett  in  sift  an  zw  yXnc  XI  iw  a oca 
sn^af)  9^1 1 X nc  sxrsa  sdt  c.  t e^vleenuc  onilqioaiu  ct  norm  3n  nili.iia  s ni 
nsXuqcq  odt  1c  aayneeeXtaan  on  3 yteixns  sdt  wonx  I.9on9it6q  1c 
- - o i u sonc  9W  3f3  OBcncfr?  jIXbw  ct  --  ni  93x3  teal  me  nc  ylXnl  ed  ct  bnirr 
toslnsq  9dt  dt  iwtri9vs9l?'  1c  nis  nccdtnc  9©n1  ©dt  aicr  00  nc  yc  {,ne  ct 
-09a9i(j9i  osiaad  erf  ct  :i  ti  gniynt  wcif  wena  . tail  nac  f is  1c  s?jj 

VT.JR; 

--  a 9X,st  sri.t  1c  nc itncqcnq  nuo  3a i yog  sw  ©Xixfw,  ason^nc  0 ni  nc it-Bi 

A 

jjn.3  --  eiun  yn^tiXim  neonu  ylXQitnQp  nave  sd  ct  ai  ti  gniycanjs  v/erf 

srlt  1c  aa^niaud  ons  taenstni  Xjsnsnos  9rft  ct  aiti  aucinutni  wod 

X&a  ot  jsncitQoinjJriiaco  Xi  3m  ons  asoillO  tad  tuorfiiw  ©cf  ct  yntnuco 

tri989nq  nco  1c  taiX  gne X 9dt  nc  enottQn  n9dtc  an9vid  1c  ^nidtcn 

?w  ,n3V9wcdt989d4  IXA.anc  it.svinq  J>na  a sona inbvnconi 

--XX 9w  tsp,  ybct  by/  oacq9n  mis  t9iup  dtiV  , nesasa  s nol  enubns  dns  nsacf 

03d  t exit , a is  t nao  si  ^nidt  ©nO.niBgs  3e  91  noc  nc  snem  eonc  1 93  yam 

,SaiIcfflujn3  nc  as9nsR9Xt89n  ni  n9dti9  ostididxs  ,n9qri9t  IXx^nGnuxf 

.ti  nstafid  ten  Xliw 


5 


. Next  to  this, another  great  duty  we  owe  to  ourselves  is  the 

exercise  of  a liberal  spirit  of  forbearance  amongst  ourselves. 

The  first  step  towards  local  or  general  harmony, is  the 
banishment  from  our  breasts  of  every  feeling  ana  sentiment  calculated 
to  stir  the  discords  of  the  past.  Nothing  could  be  more  injurious 
or  nischievous  to  the  future  of  this  country,  than  the 
agitation  at  present, of  questions  that  divided  the  people  anterior 
to, or  during  the  existence  of  the  late  war. On  no  occasion,  and 
especially  in  the  bestowment  of  office, ought  such  differences  of 
opinion  in  the  past, ever  to  be  mentioned, either  for  or  against 
any  one,  otherwise  equally  entitled  to  confidence.  These  ideas  or 
sentiments  of  other  times  and  circumstances,  are  not  the  germs  from 
which  hopeful  organization  can  now  ariee.  Let  all  differences  of 
opini on, touching  errors, or  supposed  errors,  of  the  head  or  heart, 
on  the  part  of  any, in  the  past, growing  out  of  these  matters,  be  at 
once, in  the  deep  ocean  of  oblivion,  forever  buried.  Let  there  be 
no  criminations  or  re-criminations  on  account  of  acts  of  other  days. 
No  canvassing  of  past  conduct  or  motives.  Great  disasters  are  upon 
us  and  upon  the  whole  country,  ano  without  enquiring  how  these 
originated,  or  at  whose  door  the  fault  should  be  laid,  let  us  now 
as  common  sharers  of  common  misfortunes, on  all  occasions, consult 
only  as  to  the  best  means,  under  the  circumstances  as  we  find  them, 
to  secure  the  best  ends  towards  amelioration.  Good  Government  is 
what  we  want.  This  should  be  the  leading  desire  and  the  control! 1) ing 
object  with  alljand  I need  not  assure  you,  if  this  can  be  obtainea, 
that  our  desolated  fields, our  towns  and  villages,  and  cities  now 
in  ruins,  will  soon  --  lixe  the  Phoenix  --  rise  again  from  their 
ashes; and  all  our  waste  places  .ill  again,  at  no  distant  day, 
blossom  as  the  rose. 

This  view  should  also  be  borne  in  mind, that  whatever  differences 


e 


Sit*  a i 69VX981L'C  C X 9WC  9W  vXub  X8913  19/fX 0 CIS  1 8 iff*1  cX  XX9tf 

* 3 9 v£ 93 *xij o Xeanoms  9 0fiBiB9tf*icX  Xc  Xiii ca  Isiecfxl  js  Xc  ©e  jroiexo 
srf*  a -i , ic mierf  Isi©n©3  10  lead  soiewoX  q eJa  Xeiil  9irT 
oe Xeluolso  X neaii Xciee  dub  ^nilssX  yisv©  Xc  aXa£©icf  me  n ciX  XneBtria iaecf 
3XJCimj(,ni  si  cm  ad  bluco  snixiXoH  «Xasq  aril  Xc  aoicoaib  ertJ  iij  a CX 
9iiX  nerU  jY'iXauoo  airfX  Xc  9iL'XjjX  ©rfX  cX  aucvs  ir'oe  in  10 
icii9Xa5  9 1 qc 9 q 9rfX  09DIVI-)  X sxiX  anoiXaeup  Xc,Xnea9iq  X 8 xic iXsX i*-,e 
i>ai3  tncissooc  cn  nO .lew  9X8!  ©x'X  Xc  9on9XaiX9  9x(X  sniioo  ictcX 
Xc  89oaei9 XXio  rioua  XxIsdo « ©oiXXg  Xc  Xtt©mwoX8©cf  ©xiX  ni  vXXBiosqaa 
Xaniss.8  10  icX  lexiX  19  ^Dsncixnem  acf  cX  i©v©,X3eq  sxiX  ni  nciniqc 
ic  8 8901  ©aexlT  . sonsoiXaco  OX  09XXIX89  ^XlBJjp©  osiwisxiXc  , 9nc 
mciX  3X31&V  9x*X  Xcn  918  , a 9 oneX enuoi i o One  asrriX  isxiXc  Xc  3Xfi9niiXne3 
Xc  390fi9i9XliO  lie  XoX  .98X18  wen  nso  nciXBsine^ic  IcXsqoxf  rfoixXw 
tXis9X*  ic  0Bsxi  ©xiX  Xc  ,310119  neaoqqus  10,8*10119  jjfiirloocX  ,nc  iniqc 
J&  sd  , 8 1 9 X X an  98  ©xiX  Xc  Xxic  sn  iwoijj , XeBq  9xix  ni,vti.s  Xc  Xieq  9X^X  no 
ed  sieriX  X 9lI  .oeiujcf  igvsicX  , xxc.  ivilcfc  Xc  ne©oc  q99b  9r(X  ni,©ono 
.a\;8D  isriXc  Xc  aXoe  Xc  Xhjjgoob  no  enc iXBnimiio-9i  ic  enoiXjsrtimiio  on 
noqo  91B  819X3  83  io  X eair  . a©viXom  ic  Xoubnoo  Xeeq  Xc  ^riisaBvnBO  cH 
939X1X  worf  aaiiiDpn9  Xuci'Xciw  dob  f\;iXnuco  9lorfw  exiX  ncqc*  one  su 
wen  so  Xsl  ,oi  iL  ©d  olLoxfe  XIjjbX  ©rfX  loco  ©acriw  Xb  ic  ,D9XBni3iic 
XlD8nco f anoisBooo  IIs  nc  ,e©nD*XioXa im  nenmeo  Xc  aieierfa  ricmnioo  as 
,m9xiX  DniX  9W  a 8 ssonsXanwoi  io  ©rfX  labnu  ,aasem  X«9cf  arid  cX  sb  ^Ino 
ax  Xn9rini©vc0  occ£)  .nciX8icil9mB  ebie wcX  30119  Xs9cf  srfx  910093  cX 
ani  (I  )IoiXnco  ©rfX  on  ? 911390  gniDBs!  ©rfX  ocf  Dlxxcxfe  aix*?  .Xnsw  ew  Xsx^v; 
,D9n.tBXdc  so'  nso  eixlX  Xi  ,dcy  s'jueaB  Xon  been  I bxiB ; IIb  rfXiw  X09[,cfc 
wen  aeiXio  ono  ,89^sIIiv  ons  anv/oX  iucf3Dl9iX  D9XbIos9d  idc  XbxIX 
ixsriX  mciX  ninjjB  9eii  --  xinsexfq  sxfX  axil  --  nccs  Iliw  taniDi  ni 
tT4B0  XnBXaii)  cn  Xb  ,ni83B  Hi  seoslq  qXsbw  iu.o  He  OnsjeexieB 

• 9 3 c 1 oxiX  8B  mcaaclcf 

89onsi9XXiD  isvoXbxXw  XexfX^Dnim  ni  9nicrf  9cf  calB  olocxia  W9iv  a xrlT 


of  opinion  existed  before  the  late  fury  of  the  war,  they  sprung 
mainly  from  differences  as  to  the  best  meand  to  be  used,  and  the 
best  lines  of  policy  to  be  pursued,  to  secure  the  great  controlling 
object  of  all  --  which  was  gOQD  GOVERNMENT.  Whatever  may  be 
said  of  the  loyalty  or  disloyalty  of  any,  in  the  late  most 
lamentable  conflict  of  arms,  I thinx  I may  venture  safely  to  say, 
that  there  was,  on  the  part  of  the  great  mass  of  the  people  of 
Georgia,  and  of  the  entire  South,  no  di sloyalty  to  the  principles 
of  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States.  To  that  system  of  rep- 
resentative Government;  of  delegated  abd  limited  power;  that 
establi shment  in  a new  phase, on  this  continent, of  all  the  essentials 
of  England’s  Magna  Charta.  for  the  protection  and  security  of  life, 
liberty  and  property;  with  the  additional  recognition  of  the  prin- 
ciple as  a fundamental  truth,  that  all  political  power  resides  in 
the  people,  with  us  it  was  simply  a question  as  to  where  our  allegiance 
was  due  in  the  maintenance  of  these  principles  --  which  authority 
was  paramount  in  the  last  resort  --  States  or  Federal. As  for  myself, 

I can  affirm  t hat  no  sentiment  of  disloyalty  to  these  great  principles 
of  self  government , recogni zed  and  embodied  in  the  Constitution  of 
the  United  States, ever  beat  or  throbbed  in  breast  or  heart  of  mine. 

To  their  maintenance  my  whole  soul  was  ever  enlisted,  ana  to 
this  end  my  whole  life  has  heretofore  been  aevotea,  ana 
will  continue  to  be  the  rest  of  my  aa.ys  --  Goa  willing.  In  devotion 
to  these  principles,!  yield  to  no  man  living.  This  much  I can 
say  for  myself;  May  I not  say  the  same  for  you  ana  for  the  great 
mass  of  the  people  of  Georgia,  and  for  the  great  mass  of  the  people 
of  the  entire  South?  Whatever  differences  existed  amongst  us,  arose 
from  differences  as  to  the  best  and  surest  means  of  securing  tnese 
great  ends, which  was  the  object  of  all.  It  was  with  this  view  ana 
this  purpose  Secession  was  tried.  That  has  failed.  Instead  of 
bettering  our  condition,  instead  of  establishing  our  liberties 


Snuaqe  ^9rii  ,-i.ew  axil  1o  ^Ti/l  si  si  ©rll  aacIscT  r>9laxx9  ncinicc  1c 
sxll  dns  tosao  scT  ol  arisen  Isscf  Qii)  ol  as  a90n9a9ll.it)  meal  Y^Inism 
jgnxIlGilnoo  la 9T3  sift  ©it  098  cl  , D9ueax;q  ad'  c ) \oilc q 1c  asnxl  lascf 
9cf  'leveJ.arTi"  . THEMHfiaWOi)  &©CCs  asw  xioixiw  --  ILs  1o  loetcfo 

laGm  alsl  aril  nx  ,yji.s  1g  ^Is^clsii)  tc  y^-£&^c>I  9j  .1  1c  bxsa 
ol  Y-tsI^3  saolnsv  Y^m  I anxxil  I ,arnii?  1c  loillnco  eldslasmsl 
1c  olqcoq  9x11  1c  as sn  Issa^  sxll  1c  laeq  9x11  nc  ,asw  919x11  l.sxll 
aslqxonxaq  sill  cl  yIIsycIo  io  cn  ,x11l;g8  ©axln©  erfl  1c  Ons  ,sx&ac9l 
-qsa  1c  nioleY3  Isril  oT  .89ls18  D9lxnU  sxll  1c  no  ilul  ilenc  0 9x11  1c 
Isxll  ;iswcq  belxmil  Dds  oe1ss9l9D  1c  j Jnsrmisvc?  svil.slnsasa 
s In i 1 n98 a 9 9x11  IIs  1ct1nanx1noo  axxll  nc,93sxlq  W9n  e ai  Insmxlailcfslas  ' 
«9lxl  1c  one  nc.il09lciq  9if1  icl  .nlaariO  snr-,sM  8 'Jtmal^nFr  1c 

-niaq  sill  1c  ncilxn^coea  Isnc  xl xot>s  9ri1  xllxw  jYl^QQcaq  ons  vlascfxl 
ax  390X39*1  '19%'cq  Isoxlxlcq  IIs  Isxll  fxl1ua1  Xsl namaJanol  s es  slqxo 
oasxji©II.s  auc  9*i9 - w cl  as  aoxlssoo  s 'Ylqinxg  asw  lx  bo  xllxw  ,9lqc9q  9x11 
Yliioxilujs  xloxriw  --  selqxoaxaq  989x11  1c  9onsn9lnxsm  9x11  ai  9iro  sbw 
, II 96 \px  ad  aA.  Isaacs'!  ac  aslsia  --  laoasa  Iasi  sxll  ai  Inucmsasq  bbw 
slqxonxaq  issag  ©89x11  cl  YlIsYoIexo  1c  Inexn  xla9a  on  Isxi  1 maxlls  a.so  I 
1c  nc i lul xlancO  axil  ax  oeiocdras  ons  O9sxn^co9af Irismuasvc^  1l98-1c 
. snxra  1c  lassxi  ac  laseacf  ai  D9ddcanl  ac  isgcT  a9V9t8s»IsI8  belxnU  9x11 
cl  oris  ,09l8i:In9  asvs  asw  Inoa  slc/lw  y®  eonsnelnxsm  ax9xl1  oT 
ons  ,o9lcveo  nssd  9ao1c1&a9xl  asxl  9lxl  9loxlw  yhi  dn9  axxll 
ncxlcv90  nl  .jnxllxw  ooO  --  aY«x>  \fn  1c  1ss*i  9x11  9cf  cl  9i/nx1nco  IIxw 
nso  I doom  axxiT  .^nxvxl  asm  on  cl  oIsxy  Ite9lqxonxaq  98  9x11  cl 
1jS9ajs  sxil  acl  ons  ugy  id  9ffls3  9x11  ys®  1cfl  I \sM  ;1l93Yni  ^cl  y«8 
9lqc9q  9x11  1c  sasm  Isaa^,  9X:1  acl  ons  tsx^ac90  1c  9lqc9q  9x11  1c  eesxa 
98cas  #ao  la^ncms  oolaxxs  ssonaaallxd  asvslsxT  ?xf1oc8  9ax1n9  sxll  1c 
9891,1  ‘^nxaooea  1c  atis9m  leaiue  ons  lascf  9x11  cl  as  aaonsasllxo  meat 
ons  v/exv  axxll  xllxw  esw  II  .IIs  1c  109t,do  exll  asw  xloixlw,aon9  Issa^ 
1c  Us9lanl  .D9lxs1  a sxl  isxlT  .£>9xa1  ssw  ncis89098  9acqaoq  sinr1 
agxiagdxl  auc  gnxxla  xldsl89  1c  Dselenx  tncx1xt)nco  aoc  snca9ll9cf 


7 


upon  a surer  f ounaation, we  have, in  the  war  that  issued, come  well 
nigh  losing  the  whole  of  the  rich  inheritance  with  which  we  set  out. 

This  is  one  of  the  saa  realizations  of  the  present.  In  this 
too,  we  are  but  illustrating  the  teachings  of  history.  Wars,  and 
civil  wars  especially,  always  menace  liberty;  they  seldom  advance  it; 
while  they  usually  end  in  its  entire  overthrow  and  destruction.  Ours 
stopped  jmst  short  of  such  a catastrophe.  Our  only  alternative  now 
is,  either  to  give  up  all  hope  of  Constitutional  liberty, or  to  retrace 
our  steps, and  to  loox  for  its  vindication  and  maintenance  in  the 
forums  of  reason  and  just  ice , instead  of  on  the  arena  of  arms  --  in 
the  Courts  and  halls  of  Legislation, instead  of  on  the  lielcs  oi  battle. 

I am  frame  and  candid  in  telling  you  right  here,  that  our 
surest  hopes,  in  my  judgment,  of  these  ends, are  in  the  restoration 
policy  of  the  President  of  the  United  States. I have  little  hope  for 
liberty  --  little  hope  for  the  success  of  the  great  American 
experiment  of  self-government  --  but  in  the  success  of  the  present 
efforts  for  the  restoration  of  the  States  to  their  former  practical 
relations  in  a Eoramon  government,  under  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States. 

We  are  not  without  an  encouraging  example  on  this  line  in  the 
history  of  the  mother  country  --  in  the  history  of  our  ancestors  -- 
from  whom  we  derived, in  great  measure,  the  principles  to  which  we 
are  so  much  devoted.  The  truest  friends  of  liberty  in  England 
once,  in  1642,  abandoned  the  forum  of  reason, ana  appealed, as  we  did, 
to  the  sword, as  the  surest  means,  in  their  judgment,  of  advancing 
their  cause.  This  was  after  they  had  made  great  progress,  under  the 
lead  of  CoKe , Hampden , Falkland  and  others,  in  the  advancement  of 
liberal  principles.  Many  usurpations  had  been  checxed;  many  of  the 
prerogatives  of  the  Crown  had  been  curtailed;  the  Petition  of  Right 


V 


I.Cs'.\  ginoo  tfi8uea  i x snX  isw  9iiX  ui  ,9V«rf  9W,rici  J.eonucl  lensa  8 noqu 
.Ji;c  J S3  9w  xioinw  rtiv-  son sXiigrini  noil  orfi  1c  gXcrfw  oxIX  sniaoX  ft;  in 
aii.J  nl  .Xnsasxq  erfx  ?c  enc  iXssi  I591  osb  9ifX  ?c  scic  a i a iff? 

oris  ,aisv;  . \/ioXa irf  1c  asnhroasi  erfX  aniXsiXauXIi  Xlo  sib  ew  tccX 
, ii  9 o n.s  \ o.s  me fiX 93  -;9fi X ; \3 iscfiX  sonfien  avswXs  t vXXsi ooqK9  a*iav»  Xivio 
milQ  .nciJOLiXaeo  dob  wcixfXi9Vo  9iiXti9  aii  nx  fins  vXXjbxjsii  ver.fi  sXiffw 
wow  9vx.  Biii9jXe  YXiic  ujO  .sxfqciXasX  o s fious  ic  Xicxla  leal  fieqqcXa 
90 aiXoi  ex  ic  , vXisriil  Ijsnc  iXnXiXanoO  1c  sqcxf  XX  i qn  avia  cX  isrixis  ta i 
siiS  fii  son  jno ini sm  ons  noiXsoioniv  sXi  ic't  accX  cX  sns^sqeXa  mo 
m --  SATIS  tc  SHOTS  9JfX  QC  !c  V-3  9 X 3 H f , 9 O L 3 Sf  r l DHS  1103891  lc  afWICl 
• oXXisd  IC  s uisi  x si.  J nc  to  os9Xeni  t nc  i X sXa  I39j  lc  aXXsrf  fins  aXmcO  sn'X 
IOC  X &ri X , 9iarf  Xrij-.ii  ucx  aniXXsX  ui  fiifinso  ons  xnsil  ms  I 
nciXsicXasi  9rfX  ni  9ist3fiu9  sbsxI  lc  ,Xn9msfiL't  XT  ri±  ,89rorf  Xasins 
icl  9qorf  sXXXiX  evsrl  I^asXsXS  fisXinll  srfX  lo  Irtsoraei^  s/^X  ^fiiXcq 
nsoiismA  Xs9is  sriX  lc  aa  sous  9riX  icl  eqorf  9XXX1X  --  ^Xi9cfiX 
;389iq  9iiX  lo  a as  • i ii  tuQ  --  Xnorrrnisvca-lX9a  to  Xnsraiiaqxs 

XaoiXosiq  ionic!  liefiX  oX  aoXsXci  9rfX  lo  nciXsicXasi  9fiX  icl  aXiclls 
siiX  to  nc  iXfiJiXatioO  9r'X  ison*j  , Xn9mni9vc3’  nonanes  3 ni  ancitsX9i 

. asXsXP  fieXinlJ 

sriX  ii  anil  a irJX  no  alqnsxs  ani^sincons  ns  XuorfXiw  ion  91s  9V 

--  eioXseons  me  1c  vtcXeif'  sr(X  ni  --  xiSnuos  isrfXor'  9rix  1c  V^cXairf 
9w  xfoirfw  cX  asXqioniiq  on  t t9ines9m  X 5913  ni,fi8vxi9fi  9w  mcrfw  raci! 
fiiisX^n.  ni  qXiediX  1c  8fin9iil  XsoniX  9xfT  . fi9Xovafi  noun  03  91s 
tfiifi  ew  as,i)9Xs9qqs  finsfnoRsoi  1c  muiol  or  t figncnnscfs  fr;£dX  ni  tsono 
On  ions  vos  1c  tXn9rasou(,  ii9fiX  ni  ,ane9n  Xesiua  9rfX  9stfiiowe  9/fX  cX 
9riX  1 9 fin u .aasisoiq  Xs9is  9fism  barf  ^9-rfX  i9Xls  eaw  airf?  .oaoso  lisrfX 
1c  Xn9!i9onsvos  9ri;  ni  tai9f{Xc  fin,-.  biisXxiXs?  , n9fiqrrsH’, 93160  1c  fisaX 
snX  lo  ^nsm  jfiaxosrio  ns^cf  fisii  sno i Xsqiusu  \rus~ . .asXqioniiq  Xsi9cfiX 
Xri^iH  1c  nciXiX9:I  9xft  ;09XxsXiijo  n99cf  osrf  nwoiO  9fiX  1c  asviX.ssoi9iq 


r 3 

haa  been  sanctioned;  Ship-money  had  been  abandoned ; Cour ts-Liar tial 
haa  been  aone  away  with;  Habeas  Corpus  had  been  re-established; 

High  Courts  of  Commission  and  Star-Chamber  had  been  abolished;  mtny 
other  great  abuses  of  power  had  been  corrected,  ana  other  reforms 
established.  But  not  satisfied  with  these,  and  not  satisfied  with  the 
peaceful  wonting  of  reason,  to  go  on  in  its  natural  sphere,  the  denial 
of  the  Sovereignty  of  the  Crown  was  pressed  by  the  too  araent  reformers 
upon  Charles  the  First.  All  else  he  haa  yielded  --  this  he  would  not. 

The  sword  was  appealed  to  to  settle  the  question;  a civil  war  was 
the  result;  great  valor  and  courage  were  displayed  on  both  sices; 
men  of  eminent  virtue  and  patriotism  fell  in  the  sanguinary  ana 
fratricidal  conflict;  the  King  was  deposed  ana  executed ;a  Commonwealth 
proclaimed.  But  the  end  was  the  reduction  of  the  people  of  England  to 
a worse  state  of  oppression  than  they  had  been  in  for  centuries. 

They  retraced  their  steps,  After  nearly  twenty  years  of  exhaustion 
and-  blood,  and  the  loss  of  the  greater  portion  of  the  liberties 
enjpyed  by  them  before,  they, by  almost  unanimous  consent,  called 
for  restoration.  The  restoration  came.  Charles  the  Second  ascended 
the  throne,  as  unlimited  a monarch  as  ever  ruled  the  empire.  Not  a 
pledge  was  asKed  or  a guarantee  given,  touching  the  concessions  of 
the  Royal  prerogative,  that  had  been  exacted  ana  obtained  from  his 
father. 

The  true  friends  of  liberty,  of  reform  and  of  progress  in 
government , had  become  convinced  that  these  were  the  offspring  of 
peace  and  of  enlightened  reason,  and  not  of  passion  nor  of  arms. 

The  House  of  Commons  and  the  House  of  Loras  were  henceforth  the 
theatres  of  their  operations,  and  not  the  fields  of  Newberry  or 
Mars ton -Mo or.  The  result  was,  that  in  less  than  thirty  years,  all 
their  ancient  rights  and  privileges,  which  had  been  lost  in  the 
civil  war,  with  new  securities, were  re-established  in  the  ever  memorable 
settlement  of  1688;  which,  for  all  practical  purposes,  may  be  looxed 


XaidiaXI-adiucO ; oent  rinada  nssd  oari  vonor.i-  iirir:  ; risnc  id nrtsa  need  onrf 
< rifexte  i lo  ii9 ed  Had  ^ugioD  a • jridxw  .^  . »aci)  assd  . 

; oeria ilcda  fiesrf  Dari  ledmariO-iadc'  ons  ncxesimmoO  lo  3dn:c0  x'giT-' 
311110  la  i i9ti)c  ona  toedo9iico  need'  osc  lav/cq  1c  senders  +.-,9':;-  isrid c 
9£d  ridiw  D&ilsidaa  den  ans  f939rid  rfdiw  riexlsxdae  don  dug  .Dariai:Xtfada9 
XainsD  9 rid  ,9ieriqa  X sic  ran  edx  nx  no  cs  cd,noea9i  lo  sntxicw  Xu$0o.s®q 
a rtQniicIsi  daeoia  ccd  ©rid  vcf  Dsas9iq  a as.-  nwciO  9rid  Ic  ^dnjj  iaievcc:  9xrd  Ic 
.den  DIdgw  sri  sirid  --  csdIsiY  nexf  s ■ aals  XI A . deiirl  odd  89liariO  ncqu 
a.ew  iaw  Civic  a ;ncita9up  arid  gldda?  rd  cd  oslasqqa  aaw  bicwa  sriT 
jaooxa  rid o o'  no  o 9iaw  agaiuoo  bn  5 iclav  daoi^  jdluaei  arid 

ona  ‘v.iGniu^aaa  arid  ni  Il9l  raeidcxidaq  bna  9i/diiv  dnaaxms  Ic  asm 
ridlaowaoinmcD  a;  o&duoexs  oru  bsacqab  anv/  gnil!  arid  ; do  x Unco  X ooxo xid ail- 
ed nfi-:Xjn.-  Ic  9lqc9q  and  Ic  noiboubei  exld  a aw  xna  exfd  dug  .oemxaXooiq 
.saiiuduao  icl  11  lead  Dari  ^arid  narid  nciaa9iqqo  lo  9dada  9310W  a 
acida.  ,?ri.X9  Ic-  8ia®Y  Ydnswd  T^Xiaea  nedlA  ,sq9da  lisxfd  bsoaidsi 
aoidisdxl  9rid  ic  neidioq  ledaaig  srid  Ic  aeol  ©rid  ana  ,0c rlrf  boa 
DsXIao  ,da9enco  soomiasnu  decmla  Y<d«Y9rfd  ,9icl9d  ni9rid  y<i  begins 
osjneoaa  bncoaa  9rid  aaliaxiO  . smso  ncxdaicdaai  9riT  . nc idaicdaei  icl 
a dcH  ,9irqm9  erid  b9lui  19V9  a s rioiaucm  a bedxmilmx  as  t9noirid  9riJ 
lo  aaciaaoonco  arid  ^riirioucd  ,n9vis  sadasiaug  a ic  oe^ae  saw  ssbelq 
r.iri  moil  b9niaddo  on  s bsdoax®  b9  ?d  barf  darid  , 9vidajjCi9iq  Xa^oH  9rid 

.laridal 

ni  aasi&ciq  lo  oaa  micl9i  Ic  , Ydisdil  Ic  aonsr il  9bid  sriT 

lo  aaxiqallo  9rid  ®i®w  aasrid  darid  uoonivneo  oiuooQd  oari , da®mni9vc^ 
• amis  lo  ic ci  aciaasq  lo  doa  oaa  fnoa.B9i  o©n9drijiXfi9  lo  bna  9oaeq 
arid  ridic laonsri  9isw  eoiGvI  lo  98Lto3  9rid  ona  eacmraoO  Ic  seocri  9riT 
10  x’i’iB<jw9rl  lo  soXsxl  9xid  don  dus  ,ancidai9qc  iX9rid  lo  asidaerid 
XXs  , a 139  Y Yd  1 i ri  d a arid  aesX  ax  darid  faaw  dlaaei  sriT  .ic  cM-nc  daiall 
arid  ni  dacl  n9ecf  oari  rioiriw  .ae^sliviiq  riaa  adri^ii  dnsioas  ixsrid 
Xdaiomsm  19V9  srid  ax  ri9ris ildadae-si  9i9w,89idiiuoea  wea  rid iw  ,iaw  livio 
osiicoX  sd  \r>a  ^asaoqioq  laoxdoaiq  IXa  10I  ,rioiriw  j88dX  lo  daemslddsa 


9 


* '■ 

upon  as  a bloodless  revolution.  Since  that  time  England  has 
made  still  further  and  more  signal  strides  in  reform  and  progress. 

But  not  one  of  these  has  been  effected  by  resort  to  arms.  Catholic 
Emancipation  was  carried  in  Parliament , after  years  of  argument, 
against  the  most  persistent  opposition,  Reason  ana  justice  ulti- 
mately prevailed.  So  with  the  removal  of  the  disability  of  the  Jews  -- 
So  with  the  overthrow  of  the  Rotten-Borough  system  --  So  with  the 
extension  of  franchise  --  so  with  the  modification  of  the  Corn-Laws, 
and  restrictions  on  Commerce,  opening  thfe.  way  to  the  establishment 
of  the  principles  of  Free-Trade  --  and  so  with  qll  the  other  great 
reforms  by  Parliament , which  have  so_  distinguished  English  history 
for  the  last  ha. If  century. 

Ma$  we  not  inaulge  hope,  even  in  the  alternative  before  us 
now, from  this  great  example  of  restoration, if  we  but  ao  as  the  friends 
of  liberty  there  did?This  is  my  hope, my  only  hope.  It  is  foundea  on  the 
virtue , intelligence  and  patriotism  of  the  American  people.  I have  not 
lost  ray  faith  in  the  people, or  in  their  capacity  for  self-government. 
But  for  these  great  essential  qualities  of  human  nature,  to  be  brought 
into  active  and  efficient  exercise, for  the  fulfillment  of  patriotic 
hopes, it  is  essential  that  the  passions  of  the  day  should  subside; 
that  the  causes  of  these  passions  should  not  now  be  discussed;  that 
the  embers  of  the  late  strife  should  not  be  stirred. 


Man  by  nature  is  ever  prone  to  scan  closely  the  errors  and 

defects  of  his  fellow  man  --  ever  ready  to  rail  at  the  mote  in  h»s 

brother’s  ey#e,  without  considering  the  beam  that  is  in  his  own.  This 

should  not  be  .’’Ye  all  have  our  motes  or  beams.  7e  are  all  frail; 

perfection  is  the  attribute  of  none.  Prejudice  pre-juagment 

should  be  indulged  towards  none.  Prejudice  I ’.That  wrongs,  what 

injuries, what  mischief s, what  lamentable  consequences, have  resulted 
at  all  times  from  nothing  but  this  perversity  of  the  intellect l 


8 sri  onsIgnSl  amii  iarii  oon.tS  .noxioXovsi  aaslscolri  » <?s  ncqu 
.assigciq  ons  nuclei  ni  aeriiiia  Xbhsis  aiciii  rins  isriiiul  XXii a srisci 
oiXcrii-sO  .sms  ci  Jigsbt  \<i  ooioeVia  need  39ri  eeaxli  lo  ©no  ion  JuE 
« S necu/suB  'io  su&x  i9jl‘3f Xn9m^iI‘i.R'~  ni  oeiixeo  8bw  ncii sqioasraii 
“iil.o  ooiX^Ufj  job  acas3n  ,noiia;Qqqc  ineiaieieq  iaom  erii  ianisys 
-•  cjw9T,  arii  :c  ^Jilicfseio  9rii  lo  Isvofli9i  9rii  riiiw  08  •x>®Ii6V9iq  ^lai^m 
srii  riiiw  eg  — meie^a  risuoioe-nsiioH  arii  Ic  woiriii9vo  srii  riiiv,  cS 
,3wsj>nic0  arii  to  nr  ii«o ilioc:i  arii  riiiw  ca  --  9eirioriBiT;  'io  nciartaixa 
ineiurla  iXcfBiae  arii  ci  Y$vv  drii  §uinsqc  ,aoi9nmc0  no  anc iioiiia&i  One 
is9i^  leriio  &rii  XI.p  riiiw  oa  on.s  --  sdsiT-sct^  1c  eslqioniiq  erii  1c 
X'loiairi  riail^nk  oeria iusniiain  oj?  ever!  rioxriw, JnsmsiXi-s*!  -^ri  amio'ia'i 

. ^inineo  “il  iri  iasX  arii  ici 

an  sic i9cf  9vxisni9ilB  arii  ni  nav9  ,9qcri  s^Inoni  ion  aw 

ooasiil  arii  au  oo  ind  9W  ii  , no  iirfioia9i  Ic  9 1 qmexe  is9^s  e irii  moi3  , A-on 
rii  no  uarinuoT:  ai  il  , aqorf  \:Xnc  A^«9qori  v,ri  ai  airiT?nio  9i9ifi  ^iiarixl  Io 
ioii  evari  I ,9lqcaq  naoiieraA  srii  "io  maiiciiieq  Ona  9one'3iXXeini , 9uiiiv 
. inaramevoe-llaa  icl  ^Jxosqso  ii9rii  nx  ioteXqc9q  9rfi  ni  xfiisl  YJ”  isoX 
iri^nciri  b<J  ci  ,9ini©n  namuri  1c  saxiilaup  Xaiineaas  insis  9aarii  10'i  inG 
oiiciiisq  ic  insufllillul:  arii  10'i  f ae  iai9X9  insiox'i'ls  boa  sviios  cini 
j9Joxadn8  olooxia  \.bd  9rii  1c  anoiassq  arii  iaxii  laxinaaaa  ai  iit89qcri 
isrii  ; beaenoaib  acf  won  ion  aXuorie  anc  iaa sq  eaarii  *io  aeaneo  arii  i.Brii 

. baniie  ecf  ion  bXucria  eliiia  sisX  arii  1c  aiarima  arii 

ons  aicii9  arii  y^ssgXo  aeoa  oi  anoiq  19V9  ai  amiBn  \(S  nsM 

airi  nx  aiom  arii  Ja  Xiai  ci  ^oasi  iava  --  nsm  woXXsl  axri  1c  eioelao 

aifiT  .nwo  siri  ni  ai  inrii  rrisecf  arii  ;3niiaoianco  incrfiiw  teve  e’leriicicf 

iXijBil  XIb  ei.a  aV  • a *n 9 9 rf  ic  asjem  ii'o  av^ri  XXS3V'. eri  ion  bXooria 

0 >-'1  ^ -ox,  f,9i  I .9ncn  to  9.  u ■ iiiis  9. r 1 ai  no  ii©a  ti9q 

isriw  ,a^aoiw  iariV’  l ©oxol  {,91'X  . ancrx  aniswoi  oa^Xi/  inx  ecf  olnoria 

09  Io aoi  9T9rita90.neup9anco  sldsinemsl  i.ariw js^teirioa ioi  i 3riw,aainjtni 
ii09XX9inx  arii  ic  vi iaieviaq  axrii  iucf  r-niriion  raoiT:  aar:ii  XXs  i.a 


10 


% Of  all  the  obstacles  to  the  savancement  of  truth  ana  human  progr  ms,  \ 

in  every  aepartment  --  in  science, in  art, in  government,  ana  in  re- 
ligion, in  all  ages  and  climes,  not  one  on  the  list  is  more  formidable, 
more  difficult  to  overcome  and  subdue, than  this  horrible  distortion 
of  the  moral  as  well  as  intellectual  faculties.  It  is  a host  of  evil 
within  itself.  I could  enjoin  no  greater  auty  upon  my  countyyraen  now,  , 
Forth  and  South,  than  the  exercise  of  that  degree  of  forbearance  which 
would  enable  them  to  conquer  their  prejudices.  One  of  the  highest 
exhibitions  of  the  moral  sublime  the  world  ever  witnessed,  wee  that 
of  Daniel  Tebster ,when  in  an  open  barouche  in  the  streets  of  Boston, 
he  proclaimed  in  substance, to  a vast  assembly  of  his  constituents  -- 
unwilling  hearers  --  that  "they  he'd  conquered  an  uncongenial  clime; 
they  haa  conquered  a sterile  soil;  they  had  conquered  tne  winds  ana 
elements  of  the  Ocern;they  had  conquered  most  of  the  elements  of  nature; 
but  they  must  yet  learn  to  conquer  their  prejudices"!  I tendw  of  no  more 
fitting  incident  or  scene  in  the  life  of  th?  t wonderful  man j'Clarus  et  - 
vir  For ti s sinus . T for  perpetuating  the  memory  of  the  true  greatness 
of  his  character,  on  canvass  or  in  marble,  than  a representation  of 
him  as  he  then  and  there  stood  and  spoke!  I#  was  an  exhibition  of 
moral  grandeur  surpassing  that  of  Aristides  when  he  said,  " Oh  Athe- 
nians, , what  Themistocles  recommends  would  be  greatxy  to  your  interest, 
but  it  would  be  unjust"! 


I say  to  you,  and  if  fen  my  voice  could  extend  throughout  this 
vast  country, over  hill  and  dale, over  mountain  and  valley, to  hovel, 
hamlet  ana  mansion, village , town  and  city, I wouis.say  among  the 
first, looxing  to  restoration  of  peace , prosperity  and  harmony  in 
this  land, is  the  great  duty  of  exercising  that  degree  of  forbearance 
which  will  enable  them  to  conquer  their  prejudices. Irejuaices  against 
communities  as  ’.veil  as  individuals. 


ta29i3Ciq  nomuif  one  duo!  to  insnaonsvDs  ad  cl  odacfo  ©d  XI  ^ lc 
-di  ni  bns  .inswaTsvcs  ni  elis  d f9on9'xoa  rt±  — jrtsrt-t.jrso  ^nsvs  rjx 
,eIcfi5JDimc‘3:  3-ion  ax  Jsil  ad  no  9no  ten  ^asnilo  istta  893/5  r f>  ni  «nci§il 
nc  i inoia  in  aldi'icii  aid  osxft  , 9iJ0diia  onn  enc  oiavc  0 i ilnoillib  9ncr-: 
Ii  /9  lc  Seed  a ai  II  .a  ©If  Iron!  I sd  09 II  ©ini  as  Haw  a-?  I 5*1  cm  *d  Jo 
(wca  fisi^truico  yfi 1 nccu  vt.no  nalsanx  cri  nic  : :o  binco  I . flaaii  nidiw 
r?oin  . -3 on  sn S9d"nc  1 to  99139b  i.sd  to  a 107.9x9  ad  nsd  ,dnc2  bn 9 dnc3 
Is  9x13X1*  ©f'J  Jc  anC  .aeoiortaiq  liexfi  iewpnc  0 cJ  rcad  slctena  oluow 
JnriJ  asv;  , 098 3 ani  iv:  nave  Dlno'.v  sd  onxXrfna  Xsicx  ad  tc  anc  i Jiorixfx9 
, icJocXI  lc  a Jaanle  ad  ni  sifoncnscT  nsqc  ris  ni  nsd^ndecT  Iain -.Cl  Jo 
--  si  ;i9i  t i Jane  0 sir  lc  vlcfmasas  Jasv  a c 1 t aon.slarfjja  ni  bani  $Iociq;  ax' 
ionilo  Xftirtagnc'  o in  n 5 bai-^r  jnco  o 51X  T£od"  isd  — ai©i  sexf  gnilliwrtir 
Dfls  *0ni ^ osiswpfico  on  if  ^ad  ;Iica  alinaia  n 0979;  one  0 nsif  ^©d 
sidsn  lc  a Jtiattfe  19  Qd  to  iaerc  oananprtco  b.ixf  vad  jm9o0  d lc  8in9mel9 
o'ic.x  on  to  wc  o I l ,,-i9oiout9iq  "tied  191;  one  0 cl  nisa!  i©\;  fa  urn  \eris  Si  cf 
-xx  asm  In  lisfrrirsv  1 5d  Jo  alii  ed  ni  ©noon  nc  fried  ion  i -.nillil 

GcanJ.non^  -n-nl  ad  lc  vicnsn  gift  3'rtilsxr Jggisq  net  T , a miss  if-icv  niv 
Jc  nc  if  drraa aiqan.  s rand  ,9  Tcfn  vs  ni  nc  nanVrmo  nc  ,191.0.11^0  ? irr  >c 
to  nc  ilxcfiiJxo  ns  anv  $1  Js^cqs  brt?  beds  9ied  ban  n©d  ©if  as  mirf 
-or.JA  ffC  1 , bx.se  9if  noxlw  aaciieiiA  lc  Sad'S  sniaesqnue  nusonsn^  Xjsicn 
• Jaeiet.ri  iuci£  cl  ty<38ts  oo"  nfnew  abnfcmmcosi  a 9X00 la drstf?  Jsi/wt  fen>sin 

r’Jai  Qnii  ©rf  Oil; GW  Ji  Jrcf 

aii  J Jocjf^iJc'iilJ  Ona  1x8  ulnco  aoiov  -^n:  oucli  on  ; tucyi  cl  visa  I 
«X®70X’  C^«Y9iXev  ons  ni  Snts om  nsvc,9 Isb  bns  XXxxf  isvc  Jsxv 

3o.cxs  \o.  a I now  I.vjio  brts  nv.c  J , agaIXiv  , nc  xensin  ooe  Islmsif 
. 

aonoissd-iGi  lc  991;  9 3 Jsili  gniai  019x9  lc  ^iuo  issn.3  arfl  ait.njjr  aid 
Jani  i^o  39aib«t‘ii<1.89iliont9iq  ix&.fi  n©>  .moo  cl  mad  elcfene  XI i\  /foirfw 

• ©X/3L'  ivibni  a n I.r<  a*-  a ©xiinrn  co 


Ana  next  to  that 


, the  indulgence  of  a Christian  spirit  of  charity. 
''Judge  not  that  ye  he  not  judged,  ''  especially  in  matters  growing 
out  of  the  late  war.  I'ost  of  the  v/ars  that  have  scourged  the  ./or la, 
even  in  the  Christian  era.,  have  arisen  on  points  of  conscience,  or 
differences  as  to  the  surest  way  of  salvation.  A strange  way  that 
to  heaven, is  it  not?  how  much  disgrace  to  the  Church,  and  shame  to 
manKind,  /ould  ha.ve  been  avoidea,  ‘if  the  ejaculation  of  each  breast 
had  been, at  all  times, as  it  should  have  been, 

"Let  not  this  weaK,  unKnowing  hand, 

Presume  thy  bolts  to  throw; 

Ana  deal  damnation  round  the  Lana, 

On  him  I_  ueem  thy  foe." 

how  equally  proper  is  it  now,  when  the  spirit  of  peace  seems  to 
our 

be  hovering  over^.'ar- stricKen  lane, that  in  canvassing  the  conduct 
or  motives  of  others  during  the  late  conflict,  this  great  truth 
should  be  impressed  upon  the  minds  of  all, 

"Who  made  the  heart?  ’Pis  He  alone 
Decidedly  can  try  us; 

He  Knows  each  chord,  its  various  tone, 

3a ch  spring, its  various  bias; 

Then  at  the  balance, let ’ s be  mute, 

We  never  can  adjust  it; 

"/hat’s  done,  we  partly  may  compute, 
afccsLiJ:  But  Know  not  what’s  resisted." 

Of  all  the  heaven  descended  virtues, that  elevate  & ennoble  human  nature, 
the  highest^  the  sublimest ,and  the  civinest  is  charity.  By  all  means, 
then, fail  not  to  exercise  and  cultivate  this  soul-regenerating  element 
of  fallen  nature. Let  it  be  cultiv&tea  a.na  exercised  not  only  amongst 
ourselves  and  towards  ourselves, on  all  questions  of  motive  or  conduct 
touching  the  late  war,  but  towa.rds  all  manKind.  Aven  towards 


* X’X  ’n°  lc  i£'L£T-  3 U =».0fi9n,ru,mi  'jfirrj  CJ  ixsri  unA 

. 


rii  Yiriias-jae  %09?6«t  Jen  ;.4  6\  tm a Jca 


‘J‘:J  “‘J  'UICOf!  9V;ji  ■»«'*  ai-w  w'J  to  fee:  .iow  et.nl  sft  tc  *lc 


iC  .*•«**<&•  1c  o .Ic/ncW}™  8v*  ,nn9  ,jUahO  ini  nx 
iM'3  'W;'  A •&««*«  id  idw  iaewi  »rfj  ci  8JJ  asont.Mnb 


**'**  m,R  cl  o ) st  x b xfofr,  wer  ?lon  lx  it, now.:  cl 

***'■  ‘ "el?  ^ ^ 


* n 3 -irf  rr  ui  SlLStlll  i 8 -3 -•  t r ’ ; J 3 ,a»e -:r  b.s t 


,x>n>:5J  7j.ii  <C:ivirii  .;  ei/'j-  j on 


c •’  ( j rt  ; c ■■'  \ ’ : v 3i  '7 

<0nr51  9i:i  r OflKl  £1C  ii  3fxn;i  J I JOb  brcA 
•5<-  _if  - Mi'o  I ill  ■ nc 


60,131  'c  n'a*  9ltt  n®*'  .w««  Ji  9i  isac-xg  tix«pe  wcF 

3*C 


. 


J0,1‘MC0  edt  ni  i«f*,on,X  nwol^-W-^evc  antWYoxf  otf 

Fieu  X3.1S  atm  ,ioiitnci  atal  *tt  miio  , 3„jjc  tc  „9VjUcf.  ,c 

« c 'J  ■*"  9r  f < C‘U  be  =;&•  rri  err  uh  er1': 

onclb  ©F  s±t  » m i©rf  ©tfi  »*>«!*  C/fT' 

\ii  ujio  vIoeoiDoC 

’ 9 IC  f 8i  ox't.:;v  aJi  tD,xcrf©  rio^e  swenn  o’; 

, . 'ii  ~ xjc  i.  'i  , v a i f ^rjxiqg  rfo  ;7 
«®^L:fn  9Cf  e ’isl , aortal .3cf  9a-fj-  a9rx^ 

< £ * Jbj  LOjs  a jo  i9V9ft  g” 

,aJuqnoo  x$n  9V.  t9ncjD  a’drsifY 

• bs^aiaai  8rtjs4i>  Joa  wenji  )ir  ttxy.5t& 

'*™i  “ ain,  ri  8Xdcane  * 3l3V919  iJeUnsoeso  a»v  xeU  sr'J  xt»  >0 

• v!':n  nx  jaanxvxn  sr<i  brc.laoniXcfL-o  ,fx?- 

J‘,fc"SX?  SaiJ«»a«3*?-XUc3  sixTJ  eJs»ilX«,o  one  onionoxo  c)  Jen  Xi^.narfl 
Jex.ncr,  MXno  ion  Ueax0iax9  0„-.  oe^TilXoo  srf  Jx  j9j.9n,.j„n  natUt  1c 
JouDnco  nc-  #vxXcm  to  onciJaaop  XX«  nc  ,#SvX98,Uc  no-.**  at  ban  39vIM,i;t 
oon.xvvex  nsv,  .bnijn.nm  XI*  ea,*wol  i„cf  ,-r*w  eJ*r  srj  snW3„e, 


imm  ■ 


i’ 


our  enemies,  if  we  have  a!ny,  let  the  aspirations  jf  our  hearts  he 
"T^c  ther , f orgive  them;  they  Know  not  what  they  do."  The  exercise 
of  patience,  forbearance  ana  charity,  therefore,  are  the  three  first 
duties  I would  at  this  time  enjoin  --  ana  of  these  three,  the  great- 
est is  charity.'' 

But  to  proceed.  Another  one  of  our  present  duties,  is  tilais: 

We  should  accept  the  issues  of  the  war,  znd  abide  by  them  in  good 
faith, This,  I feel  fmlly  persuaded,  it  is  your  purpose  to  a o,  as  -veil 
as  that  of  your  constituents.  The  people  of  Georgia  have  in  Conven- 
tion revoKea  and  annulled  her  Ordinance  of  1361,  which  was  intended 
to  sever  her  from  the  compact  of  Union  of  1787,  The  Constitution 
of  the  United  States  has  been  reordained  as  the  organic  law  of  our 
land.  'Whatever  dif f erencesof  opinion  heretofore  existed  as  to  where 
our  allegiance  was  due,  during  the  late  state  of  things,  none  for  any 
practical  purpose  can  exist  now.  Whether  Georgia,  by  the  action  of 
her  Convention  of  1861, was  ever  rightfully  out  of  the  Union  or  not, 
there  can  be  no  question  that  she  is  now  in,  so  far  as  depends  upon 
her  will  and  deed.  The  whole  United  States, therefore , is  now  without 
question  our  country,  to  be  cherished  and  defended  as  such,  by  all 
our  hearts  and  by  all  our  arms. 

The  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  and  the  treaties  and 
laws  made  in  pursuance  thereof,  are  now  acKnowledged  to  be  the  par- 
amount law  in  this  whple  country.  7/hoever  therefore  is  true  to  these 
principles  as  now  recognized,  is  loyal  as  far  as  that  term  has  any 
legitimate  use  or  force  under  our  institutions.  This  is  the  only 
Kind  of  loyalty  and  the  only  test  of  loyalty  the  Constitution  itself 
requires.  In  any  o.ther  view,  everything  pertaining  to  restoration 
so  far  as  regards  the  great  body  of  the  people  in  at  least  eleven 
States  of  the  Union,  is  but  maKing  a promise  to  the  ear  to  be  broxen 
to  the  hope.  All,  therefore,  who  accept  the  issue  of  war  in  good 


II 


O r 

v«  __ 


3 J i.ie-fi  xuc  -'c  anc  it  "ii  _s  .j  exit  tgl  t'£n-"}  bv.'Jj-'  qv  ''  i taoi.':sne  n c 

981015X9  91  ".CD  ^®rfit  tS/fW  tell  WCXWt  jtfeff  J Q V i ; ^ic  1 1 19J  :t  3&" 

iaiil  ssm't  9 xft  91J3  ,9icl9i9xlt  ^tixsxio  oris  sonsioscficl  ,9on9itsq  lc  f 

-tssig  sxii  t99ixii  989ii;  lc  one  --  niot.no  emit  sixft  is  nlocw  I asituo 

'■  .^hailo  ai  tes 

:aixiit  a i ts9itoo  in9a9iq  mo  lc  9fio  igxltcnA  .b&socTq  ct  tu£ 

->c  cj  ni  xnen'J  xtf  9bicf3  Oits  ,i  5w  exit  lo  asuaai  9rft  tqeoo-j  oXoox^a  sW 
lisw  39  ,oo  ct  eaoqiuq  ioc^  8i  ti  , Oeoscaieq  ^IXirl  Xeel  I ,a ixfT .xlti  si 
-nsvncO  ni  evsxi  Bigioef*  'ic  9lqcsq  exiT  .atneoti is nco  ioo\,  ic  isn't  as 
09  oris  ini  a^w  xioixiw  ,X6oX  lc  oonsnioiO  i9rf  belXunna  one  09310*91  noil 
noitoiiianoO  axil  .V8^I  lo  ncinU  ic  iosqnoo  9xli  noil  isrl  isvoa  ct 
JU'C  lc  wfj£  oinsgic  9ffi  as  benismoei  nserf  esrf  a9.ti5.t8  b9tinir  9xft  lc 
o'xerlw  ct  as  osiaixa  aicloisierf  noiaiqo  loaeonsisllio  ?evef&iW  .nasi 
icl  9iicn  ^gnin't  lc  9i  sie  eisX  exit  gniioo  ,900  asw  sonsigeXXs  100 
ic  iioitoc  onrt  ^cf  ^exgioei'  isxftsxf  .werr  iaixs  nso  secqmq  Xsoiiosiq 
,ton  ic  no  inti  exit  lc  too  ^XXoltxigxi  isv9  8swtId8I  lc  xicitnevncO  i9£r 
noqc  eoneqeo  as  isl  ca  «nx  won  ai  sria  isrii  noiiaenp  on  ecf  nso  siexft 
iucxiiiw  won  ai  , aiclsisxit  tasi  st8  JbgiinU  glorfw  sii7  .oeeh  Pros  Xliw  isxf 
IlB  ':d  *ffoua  oobnsiab  one  b9x<'a  imxfo  s<f  ct  ,^inoco  10c  noiiaonp 

.aims  ice  IXjb  ;rf  ons  eiissif  mo 


one  39its9it  9 xit  bns  ,89iBte  oeJinU  0 xft  lo  ncitotitancO  ©xfT 
-iBq  Slit  9tf  ct  oagosIv/cnxoB  won  919  ,l09i9xtt  aonsoaicq  ai  90 sn  aw>5X 
os 9i. t ci  901 1 ai  9ic  1 9isxit  isvaoxiv,'  .Yiinoco  slqriw  ain't  ni  wnX  taoenn 
\;nB  3sxi  mi9t  t^xit  as  isl  sb  Xs^cX  ai  ti>9Singco9i  wen  bb  39Xqioniiq 
Ylnc  out  ex  aixiT  .anoitot itani  10c  isofxo  901c!  10  sao  stBxnitigaX 
IXeati  noitotitanoO  sxit  xtXsvoX  lc  tast  X-fnc  exit  bnB  lo  bnix 

no  it  5ict89i  ct  gninistisq  gnixit  ^19 ve  ,wsiv  i9rft,o  ^ns  ni  .asiiopsi 
xie v 9 X 9 taoeX  ts  ni  eXqcaq  exit  lc  yoocT  tssig  9rft  abisg9i  as  isl  op. 
nsjicicf  9cT  Ct  1B9  9xit  ot  eaimciq  s gnixBm  tocf  ai  , no inU  exit  lc  aetstg 
occg  ni  ibw  lo  9098 i 9xit  tqsoos  oxiw  t9iclsi9xit  ,XXA  . 9qcrf  exit  ot 


13 


faith,  and  come  up  to  the  test  required  by  the  Constitution, 
ore  now  loyal, hovever  they  may  have  heretofore  been. 

But  with  this  change  comes  a new  order  of  things.  One  of 

the  results  of  the  war  is  a total  change  in  our  xx  whole  internal 

polity.  Our  former  social  fabric  has  been  entirely  subverted. 

Lilce  those  convulsions  in  nature  which  breaK  up  old  incrustations, 

the  war  has  wrought  a new  epoch  in  our  political  existence.  Old 

things  have  passed  away, and  all  things  among  us  in  this  respect 

are  new.  The  relation  heretofore,  under  our  old  system,  existing 

s 

between  the  African  and  European  races,  no  longer  exist.  Slavery, 
as  it  was  called,  or  the  status  of  the  blacK  race,  their  subordi- 
nation to  the  white,  upon  which  all  our  institutions  rested,  is 
abolished  forever,  not  only  in  Georgia,  but  throughout  the  limits 
of  the  United  States.  This  change  should,  be  received  and  accepted 
as  an  irrevocable  fact.  It  is  a bootless  question  now  to  discuss 
whether  the  new  system  is  better  for  both  races  than  the  old  one 
was  or  not.  That  may  be  proper  matter  for  the  philosophic  and 
philanthropic  historian,  at  some  future  time  to  inquire  into,  after 
the  new  system  shall  have  been  fully*  and  fairly  tried. 


All  changes  of  systems  or  proposed  reforms,  are  but  experiments 
and  problems  to  be  solved.  Our  system  of  self-government  was  an 
experiment  at  first.  Perhaps  as  a problem  it  is  not  yet  solved. 

Our  present  duty  on  this  subject  is  not  with  the  past  or  the  future. 

It  is  with  the  present.  The  wisest  and  the  best  often  err,  in  their 
judgments  as  to  the  probable  wordings  of  any  new  system.  Let  us 
therefore  give  this  one,  a fair  and  just  trial,  without  prejudice, 
and  with  that  earnestness  of  purpose,  which  always  looics  hopefully 
to  success.  It  is  an  ethnological  problem,  on  the  solution  of 
which  depends,  not  only  the  best  interests  of  both  races,  but  it  may 
be,  the  existence  of  one  or  the  other, if  not  both. 


onco  dhb 


.noiiuliisxtoD  aril  x<S  baiiqpai  teeJ  edl  oi  qu 

.nascf  aiclolai9ri  avail  xpa  larii  '1S’V0VC  «Xe  •'  ''  ' Sj 

10  9n0  .aanirfi  lo  i9J«e  *90  » «*“ca  9Sa*do  aid:  riii* 

lams  Joi  aloriw  « «o  oi  »*"*«»  laid  b ai  w«  * »«“•« 

.09i,evdxxa  ulaiiioa  naed  aari  oiid.l  ***>«  lemiol  wO  .l.txioq 
anoilalamooi  bio  qo  **m*  rioiriw  aidan  oi  .nolM-ynoo  aaorii  «U 

BIO  .aooaiaixa  iBoUxio,  wo  oi  riocqa  wan  a »*».«  — «•  ^ 
loaqaai  airil  oi  an  8ocma  38oiril  Ha  bna.^wa  beaaaq  evari  a3oirii 

gniiaixa  .malax*  bio  wo  oaonu  noiiflX”  9ir  9"" 

XiavalS  Haixa  I9*«cl  on  ,,99«i  oaaqciuE  boa  oaoiilA  .1* 

-iLd.a  11901  .99*1  -Bid  «*  10  •»  « 38W  “ 88 

ei  .Delsai  anolidiiani  wo  H.  riotxiw  ooqxx  ,.»i*  *riJ  oJ  Mttan 
s 1 ixrci  I axil  i-orisuold#  iud  .aiaocaO  oi  *Ino  loo  .oave-sol  oexiaxloda 
oelqaooa  boa  baviaoai  ad  Liberia  asnaria  airiT  .«»-«  baiinU  aril  to 
88boe io  oi  woo  noiiaaup  aaalicod  a ai  II  Hoal  aldaoovaiix  na  aa 
9„0  0lo  aril  oeril  aaoai  died  icl  laiiad  ai  malax*  wan  axil  -xoxiiaxiv, 

oxxiqoeolxrfq  'T9qc’sq  ®d  V*“ 

■ ri  orrj  9TJJXU1  smee  3a  ,n*x:M>JBirf  o i qo*irtt  os  I in  q 
isiiB  toXni  9'ixupni  cX  9mi3  9iujv 

.bail!  xIiiBl  boa  -xllul  oaad  avail  Haifa  maiaxca  wan  axil 

tnaraiiaqxe  lud  aia  .amolai  baaoqoiq  io  amalaxca  to  aa8naiio  HA 

bb  8aw  mamma  voa-Haa  lo  malaxa  wO  -bavloa  ad  oi  amaldoiq  boa 
.oavloa  lax  1o«  ai  11  maldoiq  a aa  aqaxioa.  Halil  1*  loamiiaxpoa 
.eio ml  aril  10  laaq  aril  rfii.  loo  ai.  loatdba  airil  oo  Xlbb  ioaaaiq  wO 
liaiU  xxi  .11.  oallo  lead  aril  x>oa  leaai*  ariT  .maaeiq  aril  dll-  - « 
„ lad  .malax*  wan  ,oa  1o  aSoi»ic«  aldadoiq  aril  oi  aa  aioamsoxxi 
aoibbtaiq  moriiiw  .laiii  iwt  boa  lial  a .aoc  airil  avia  mclaiarii 
Xllulaqori  axool  av-I*  rioiriw  .aaoqmq  lo  aaaoiaamae  iedl  nil*  boa 
io  noiluloa  axil  oc  .maldoiq  laolBoIcoxila  oa  ai  II 
^ ii  md  .aaoai  riled  1c  elaaialni ‘iaad  aril  *»  loo 

.riled  ICO  lx  ,1*lll0  aril  1C  900  lo  9008181X9  9IXi  ,90 


14 


This  duty  of  giving  this  new  system  a fair  ana  just  trial, will 
require  of  you, as  Legislators  of  the  land,  great  changes  in  our 
former  laws  in  regard  to  this;*  large  class  of  population.  V/ise  ana 
hum§ne  provisions  shoule  be  made  for  them.  It  is  not  for  me  to  go 
into  detail.  Suffice  it  to  say  on  this  occasion,  that  ample  ana  full 
protection  should  be  secured  to  them,  so  that  the£  may  stana  equal 
before  the  law,  in  the  possession  and  enjoyment  of  all  rights  of 
person,  liberty  and  property.  Many  considerations  claim  this  at  your 
hands.  Among  these  may  be  stated  their  fidelity  in  times  past.  They 
cultivated  your  fielas;  ministered  to  your  personal  wants  and  comforts; 

nursed  and  reared  your  children;  and  even  in  the  hour  of  danger  ana 

* 

peril, they  were  in  the  main,  true  to  you  and  yours.  To  them  we  owe  a 

debt  of  gratitude,  as  well  as  acts  of  Kindness.  This  should  also  be  aone 

because  they  are  poor,  untutored,  uninformed;  many  of  them  helpless, 

liable  to  be  imposed  upon,  and  need  it.  Legislation  should  ever  Iook 

to  the  protection  of  the  weaK  against  the  strong.  V/hatever  may  be  said 

of  the  equality  of  races,  or  their  natural  capacity  to  become  equal, 

no  one  can  doubt  that  at  this  time,  this  ra.ce  among  us  ,is  not  equal, 

to  the  Caucasian.  This  inequality  does  not  lessen  the  moral  obligations 

on  the  part  of  the  superior  to  the  inferior,  it  rather  increases  them. 

From  him  who  has  much,  more  is  required  than  from  him  who  has  little. 

The  present  generation  of  them,  it  is  true,  is  far  above  their  savage 

progenitors, who  were  at  first  introduced  into  this  country,  in 

general  intelligence,  virtue,  and  moral  culture.  This  shows  capacity 

for  improvement.  But  in  all  the  higher  charadteri stic s of  mental 

development,  they  are  still  very  far  below  the  European  type.  ’.Vhat 

further  advancement  they  may  maKe,  or  to  what  stands, rd  they  may  attain, 

way 

under  a different  system  of  laws  every  suitable  ana  wisely  applicable 

A 

to  their  changed  condition,  time  alone  can  disclose.  I speaK  of  them 
as  we  now  Know  them  to  be, having  no  longer  the  protection  of  a.  master. 


£1 

Iliv;  , XsiTi  iau  i,  Dim  Tist  s wan  a Mi  aaivig  1o  ai/iT 

tjjo  ni  ae^norio  issTg  ^DnsI  sdi  tc  btc isXe i§9<i  aBtuox  tc  ©TiupoT 
mis  9ai\  . noiisXuqcq  tc  aasXo  93TBX  xeidi  oi  DTsgsT  ni  awsX  Tsnriot 
03  ci  aci  tc  t ion  ai  il  .rasdi  to!  sDscn  scf  ©Xuorla  anciaivoTq  sragmud 
IId*1  dob  9lqme  isfii  fnoiesooo  eidi  no  XBB  oi  i X soittvB  .Xisieb  oini 
XsiJp9  cnsia  yjsm  ^9iii  isdi  os  tm9iii  oi  bsTL'osa  ed  bXjjexte  nciiosioTq 
to  airi^M  XIa  to  irmravotna  fana  noiaaeaacq  exit  ni  ,vvsX  exit  97.ct9cf 
tug \ is  aidi  miaXo  ano i isT9bianco  \cu~.  , .TsqoTq  acts  xiisdiL^  ,noeTsq 

XsriT  *iasq  39inii  ni  ^iiXsDit  Ti9rii  b9isia  scf  \;bih  989di  gncmA  ,e Dnsri 
jaiTctmoo  Doe  ainsw  XanosTsq  ijjo^  oi  oeTais  in  in  jacXsit  tugx  DeisviiXuo 

Jjajj  T93I1BD  to  TLCri  9di  III  H9V9  Dn3  \ £19TuX  illo  TU0X  D9TS9T  Df IB  093 lUfl 

% 

b 9W0  9w  wadi  oT  .stugx  Dii s ucx  ci  9DTi  ,nisxn  srfi  ni  9Tsw  X9rii,li*isq 

shod  scf  caXs  oXucda  s irfT  .aaannnix  to  Bios  as  XX9W  as  ,9Duiii£Tg  tc  idee 

,339XqX9d  msdi  tc  \nam  ; Dsmiotn inn  ,D9Tciuinu  ,Tcoq  sts  x^rii  saL'soscf 

acoX  T9V9  DXjJcjrfa  noiisXaigeJ  .ii  Dssn  bns  ,ncqn  beeGqmi  stf  oi  sXdsiX 

eisa  9d  X:in  TevaisriV.  .gncTie  edi  ianxcgs  as9w  9di  tc  noiioaitTq  sdi  ci 

, Xsupe  9x1c 090  oi  xti^^qsa  XsTuisn  Ti9di  tc  ta908T  to  viiXsupe  9di  to 

tXsiJpe  ion  ai,  eu  gncms  9o;t  aidi  , sraii  sirii  is  isdi  iduoo  nso  snc  cn 

snoiia^iXdc  XsTom  9di  n&ea9X  ion  e90D  x^iX-supeni  aixlT  .nsissousO  9di  oi 

.medi  asaesToni  T9riisT  Ji  ,ToiTstni  exli  ci  TciTaque  edi  to  iTeq  9di  no 

,9XiiiX  a«rf  oxfw  raid  moTt  nsrii  D9Tiup9T  ai  9Tora  ,doum  asd  odw  rain  oict'? 

sgsvsa  Tiedi  9vo<  a tsI  e i ,euTi  ai  ii  trti9rii  to  noiisTene^  insa9Tq  sdT 

ni  ,xiinirco  airii  cini  ioouDcTini  ieTit  is  9T9W  cdw,aToi ina&CTq 

Xiiosqso  swede  airiT  .STuiXno  XsTom  bns  ,auiTiv  , 9on9giXX9ini  Xst9H93 

Xainsi  tc  aoiie iT9iooTsdo  'ied^id  adi  XXs  ni  iuS  . in9m9VCTqini  Tct 

isdV,  .eqxt  naeqcTDE  sdi  woXsd  Tst  x’isv  XXiie  9TS  x»di  ,in9nrqoX9V9D 

,nisii  i x-n^  X9J';i  oTsonaia  isdw  oi  tc  ,9.Tsra  x^  X^^t  inoraaonsvos  T9diTut 

Xawr 

eXdaoiXqqa  xXsaiw  Dae  9XcfaiiiX8  xievs  aw sX  tc  ursiax8  inoTsttio  a Tsbmr 

f\ 

m&cii  to  ^asqa  I .93oXoaiD  ttao  ancXs  sraii  tnciiiDnoo  besn.sdo  Ti9rii  oi 
,T9ias/n  b tc  uciiosiCTq  9 di  Tsrgncl  on  3nivad,9d  ci  m9di  wcnxi  wen  9w  as 


or  legal  guardian;  they  now  need  all  the  protection  which  the 
shield  of  the  law  can  give. 

But  above  all,  this  protection  Should  be  secured  because 
it  is  right  and  just  that  it  should  be,  upon  general  principles. 

All  governments  in  their  organic  structure,  as  well  as  in  tneir 
administration,  should  have  this  leading  object  in  view;  the  good 
of  the  governed.  Protection  and  security  to  all  unaer  its  juris- 
diction, should  be  the  chief  end  of  every  government.  It  is  a mel- 
ancholy truth  that  while  this  should  be  the  chief  end  of  all  gov- 
ernments, most  of  them  are  used  only  a,s  instruments  of  power,  for 
the  aggrandizement  of  the  few,  at  the  expense  of,  and  by  the  op- 
pression of,  the  many.  Such  are  not  our  ideas  of  government,  never 
have  been  and  never  should  be.  Governments  according  to  our  ideas, 
shoulu  looic  to  the  good  of  the  whole,  and  not  a part  only.  "The 

greatest  good  to  the  greatest  number",  is  a favorite  dogma  with 

d 

some.  Some  so  defende  our  old  system.  But  you  Know  this,  was  never 
my  doctrine.  The  greatest  good  to  all,  without  detriment  or  injury 
to  any,  is  the  true  rule.  Those  governments  only  are  founded  upon 
correct  principles, of  reason  ana  justice,  which  Iook  to  the  great- 
est attainable  advancement,  improvement  and  progress,  physically, 
intellectually  and  morally  of  all  classes  ana  conditions  within 
their  rightful  jurisdiction.  If  our  old  system  was  not  the  best, 
or  could  not  have  been  rnaae  the  best,  for  both  races,  in  this  respect 
and  upon  this  basis,  it  ought  to  have  been  abolished.  This  was  my  view 
of  that  system  while  it  lasted,  and  I repeat  it  now  that  it  is  no  more. 
In  legislation  therefore  under  the  new  system,  you  should  Iook  to  the 
best  interest  of  all  classes;  their  protection, security , advancement  a 
ana  improvement , physically , intellectually  ana  morally. All  obstacles, if 
there  be  any,  should  be  removed, which  can  possibly  hinder  or  retard, 
the  improvement  of  the  blacKs  to  the  extent  of  their  capacity.  A}1 


a i 


eti)  xieiriv*  ncxXosXonq.  ertX  XXs  osen  con  'certX  jneionsus  ^ssl 

, svi^,  aeo  wsl  srfi  o olsirf? 

seixeoerf  Oenuoea  ed  OXscxife  nciXeeXcnq  axx.'X  .XXs  evorfe  XuE 
.asXcxonxnq  Isnenea  ucqs  ,ed  oXuorfe  Xi  'xsrtX  X.ut  One  Xrtaxn  ax  11 
nxer.X  ni  as  XX aw  as  ,*wXox>nXa  otasaic  liertX  at  ajnemnnsvca  IIA 
ooes  exix  twsxv  nx  Xoetdo  bnxoset  :airtx  overt  bXucrta  .no Usnxe xnxmo* 
-Bins:.  aJi  neons  XXs  ex  yXinseea  One  noxXoexcnl  .Demevc.3 
-lom  s at  XI  .Xnemrinevoa  \wve  to  one  leirto  axU  erf  Mete  .rtcixoi.-' 
-voa  XXS  to  one  texrio  exiX  ad  OXocrie  exxIX  elxriw  tmtt  Mil  Redons 
net  .newoq  to  aJnsinsnXanx  as  ^Xno  oess  eie,  mate  to  Xaoi.  ,3Xner>nne 
-qc  aril  Xff  d««  .to  eeneqxe  exit  is  .wet  ertX  to  Xnemesxoneaajja  ertX 

nsven  .XnemnnevcS  to  eseOx  wo  Xon  ew  riooB  .Xrt«  ««  «lc  "Ci88M« 
,8R9ol  we  OX  snxe-xooos  8xne*nnev«0  .erf  bXocrte  wven  One  need  evert 
’*»*  .-.xn,  - * XC  •,  on-  .elorfc  •£  to  ft»S  eri  oX  XccX  oXscra 


xftlw  aiasoo  eXinovet  e ax  ."nedmsn  XaeXsena  ertX  cX  Boos  XaeXsen;, 
-xeven  saw  airtX  wen*  uo*  XsE  .»eXa^  plo  wo  eoneteO  ce  emcR  .emca 


ViLlnx  no  Xitsn’ inXox  XucrtXiw  .XXs  oX  Ooca  XasXsena  erf?  .eninXeco  v> 
nequ  oooneot  ene  xXno  aXnewinevca  eecd"  .elui  ennx  er.x  ax  ,V-s  cj 
-X  .sena  ertX  cX  *ooI  rfoirfw  .eoiXaul  one  acetal  tc  .aeXqioninq  xoennen 
.tXXiotaxtrtl  .aaenacnq  one  Xnss.evcnqrtx  .Jnemeonevoe  eXrfenieXXe  Xae 
nirtXiw  anciXxoneo  one  aeaaeXo  XXs  tc  XU«o«  ^XXssXoeXXeXnx 
,xaed  ertX  Xon  asw  "eXava  aXo  wc  tl  .ncxXe iOaiwl  Xotxrtsla  inert) 
Xoeqaen  axrtx  nx  .eeosn  rtXod  net  .Xaed  ertX  eonm  need  evert  Xon  OXsco  no 
,siv  w eew  iBlt  .OeriaiXorfo  need  avert  cX  1dpi 0 Xx  .axnsd  sxrtX  ««>  bne 
non  on  ax  Xx  XertX  wen  Xi  Xseqen  X one  .oeXaeX  Xx  eXirt*  r.alex*  1*11  tc 
DriX  cX  »ccl  OXuoria  so*  ,«eXaxa  wen  ertX  neons  enctenerfX  noiXeXeiseX  "I 
XuemeonnvoB ,'iX xnseea  .nciXoeXonq  nieriX  ;aeaeeIo  CXs  tc  >aeneXn x Xaed 
tx.aeXoeiarfo  IIA.  «£!•««  one  ^XXssXoeXXeXnx  .xXXsoxa^q.Xnex.evonqmx  one 
, onsXen  nc  neonxri  ^Xdxaacq  nee  rtoxxiw.oevcmen  ed  clucxfa  ed  enertX 

X^A  .'cXxeeqea  nieriX  to  xneXxe  ex!X  cX  aaoeld  ertX  tc  Xnenevcnqnx  ertX 


r 


proper  aid  should  he  given  to  their  own  efforts.  Channels  of  education 
should  he  opened  up  to  them.  Schools  ana  the  usual  means  of  moral  ana 
intellectual  training,  should  he  encouraged  amongst  them.  This  is  the 
dictate,  not  only  of  what  is  right  and  proper,  and  just  in  itself, 
hut  it  is  also  the  promptings  of  the  highest  considerations  of  interest 
It  is  difficult  to  conceive  a greater  evil  or  curse,  that  could 
hefall  our  country,  stricken  and  distressed  as  it  now  is,  than  for 
so  large  a portion  of  its  population,  as  this  class  will  quite 
prohahly  constitute  amongst  us,  hereafter,  to  he  reared  in  ignorance, 
depravity  and  vice.  In  view  of  such  a states  of  things,  well  might 
the  prudent,  even  now  look  to  its  abandonment.  Let  us  not  however 
indulge  in  such  thoughts  of  the  future.  Nor  let  us,  without  an  effort, 
say  the  system  can  not  he  worked.  Let  us  not,  standing  still,  hes- 
itatingly ask,  "Can  there  any  good  thing  come  out  of  Nazareth?"  hut 
let  us  rather  say  as  Gamaliel  did,  "If  this  counsel  or  this  work 
he  of  men,  it  will  come  to  nought,  hut  if  it  he  of  God  ye  cannot 
overthrow  it,  lest  haply  ye  he  found  even  to  fight  against  God". 

The  most  vexed  questions  of  the  age  are  social  problems.  These  we 
have  heretofore  had  hut  little  to  do  with;  we  were  relieved  from 
them  by  our  peculiar  institution.  Emancipation  of  the  blacks, 
with  its  consequences,  was  ever  considered  by  me  with  much  more 
interest  as  a social  question,  one  relating  to  the  proper  status 
of  the  different  elements  of  society,  and  their  relations  towards 
each  other,  looking  to  the  best  interest  of  all,  than  in  any  other 
light.  The  pecuniary  aspect  of  it, the  considerations  of  labor  and 
capital,  in  a politico-economic  view,  sunk  into  insignificance, 
in  comparison  with  this.  This  problem,  as  one  of  the  results  of  the 
war,  is  now  upon  us,  presenting  one  of  the  most  perplexing  questions 
of  the  sort  that  any  people  ever  had  to  deal  with.  Let  us  resolve 
to  do  the  best  we  can  with  it,  from  all  the  lights  we  have  or  can  get 


xilsouba  1c  •■slennsrfO  .aliolle  awo  'lisrll  ol  nsvi^  ©cf  xlucria  bis  i9qcTq 
on.a  Isicifi  1g  Efi  3©m  Ibuqu  sxil  on;  elcoxloS  .xnaxil  c*  qu  beneqc  sc f bXxrcxle 
sil-l  ai  aiilT  .maxll  Isgnciuo  c&haiuooiio  sd  ol  c ria  ^niaiBil  LguJ oeLIeSni 
,1X93 Ji  ni  Isjjj,  bns  ,'isqo'iq  bn,s  Ixlgii  si  1 irl®  1c  \;Inc  ion  ,91.s1oxd 
. laa'ieli^  1c  anc il-sne  xisnc o laeri^ixl  9ii1  1c  eanilqmQiq  silt  c aX b ai  li  lud 
oXoco  1-sxil  , 9 s hj 9 no  Live  nslBa'i^  x ©viaonoo  ci  IXxoilli;  ai  II 
id  ujoiII  ,ai  wen  lx  as  beaaeiJs  io  on.?  nexoixle  , viirujoo  ijjc  II-bxscT 
9lijjp  Xliw  a a. <3X0  aiili  as  , no  il.sJjjqcq  ali  1c  acilioq  a a^noX  03 
, oOfiBicn^i  ni  ostlsst;  scf  cl  ^©ilssngjrf  ,3U  lasnofiio  9luix ianco  ^cTjecfonq 
Iri^ira  XXs’v  .avjfiirfl  1c  a9Js1a  s xIols  1o  wsxv  ni  .soiv  Jwib  \;1  ivsiqeb 
isvswoxl  ion  oxj  led  . Inwnncimscfo  six  ol  5icoI  wen  n9V9  ^nabonq  axil 
,1icl1a  «jb  jucxlliw  ,sjj  J9I  acH  .9*iulu1  aril  1c  e Irl^x'cxll  done  ni  s- luoni 
-aaxl  ,11x13  anionala  ,1cn  eu  SeJ.  . baxiow  ed  Sen  nso  tneJaya  edi  y,bq 
lud  "?i119*issbi'  1c  loo  smoo  jnxril  occ£  ^na  s'xaxll  naD”  ,aea  vX^nxieli 
anew  aids  *xo  leanuco  axxli  II”  ,bxb  IsiXamaD  a.n  ^oa  *i9iiij3*i  sxj  Is! 
IcnnjBO  9^  boD  1c  9cf  1i  x lud  tSiq=ucn  ol  9inoo  IXiw  Jx  ,n5xn  1o  ad 
• " ocf)  lania^B  1xi\,i1  ol  nsvs  bnucl  ed  9^  YXqari  1s9l  ,1i  wcnrilisvc 
9W  939ilT  .aaiaXdo'iq  Xoiooa  9*1.0  93a  axil  1c  ancilaaup  bsxav  iacm  9flT 

Aldl  C9V9il9*I  9*19W  9W  {fllXW  CO  Ol  sXIliX  ll'd  D-BXl  9*I0i  Cl9*I9Xl  9V3f{ 

,axD8Xcf  9 ill  1c  noil o<jiDnaioa;  .nci'lulxlani  iBiXuasq  *iuo  yd  cisril 
9'iora  xioum  xlliw  ©m  ^d  i>9*i9bianco  *X9V9  saw  ,89on9Up©anco  ali  xlliw 
a u 1 .3 1 q *i9qc*iq  sill  ol  ^ail^X^n  sac  tnc  iSnsue  Lai oca  a s s SaeveSni 
ajjnowoi  ancil^lsn  nisrli  ens  ,x1d-^3c»3  1c  alnemsXa  Inoisllii)  ©ill  1c 
•xsxllc  ^118  ni  naxll  ,XIo  1c  1a9i9ini  lead  9il1  cl  &nixocX  ,*isri1c  rioo9 
ons  nodal  Ip  otto ilanaoiancp  9x11,  : (qa  *cx«ixw9fl  j IT  .In'aiX 

, 9onsoi1in8ieni  olni  xnxe  ,w siv  oimcnooe-co xl i Xcg-  a ni  ,Xxi1iqao 
9d1  1o  elXuasn  axil  1o  an o as  taeLdciq  axxIT  .aixll  xlliw  nceinaqxnoo  ni 
ancil99up  3nxx9Xqxsq  leo.n  axil  1c  9no  srii^n9a®‘iq  ,eu  ncqu  won  ai  ,*iaw 
9vXo8  9i  Bu  Sed  .xlliw  XB9D  cl  bad  ibvo  9lqceq  \jna  1.sxi1  Inca  exfl  1c 
193  nno  no  9vail  9W  3lnf3iX  9x11  XIs  mc*i1  ,1i  xlliw  nao  ew  ie9d  9xfJ  ci>  cl 


17 


from  any  quarter.  With  this  view, end  in  this  connection,  I taKe 
the  liberty  of  quoting  for  your  consideration,  some  remarKs  even 
from  the  Rev.  Henry  Ward  Beecher.  I met  with  them  some  months  ago 
while  pondering  on  this  subject,  and  was  a.s  much  struct:  as  surprised, 
with  the  drift  of  their  philosophy,  coming  from  the  source  they  dia. 

I give  them  as  I find  them  in  the  New  Yortc  Times  where  they  were 
reported.  You  may  be  as  much  surprised  at  hearing  such  ideas  from 
Mr. Beecher,  as  I was.  But  however  much  we  may  differ  from  him  on 
many  questions,  and  on  many  questions  connected  with  this  subject, 
yet  all  must  aumit  him  to  rantc  amongst  the  master  spirits  of  the  age. 
And  no  one  perhaps  has  contributed  more  by  the  power  of  his  pen  ana 
voice  in  bringing  about  the  present  state  of  things,  than  he  has. 

Yet,  nevertheless,  I commend  to  your  serious  consideration,  as  pertinent 
to  my  present  object,  what  he  was  reported  to  have  said,  as  follows: 

"In  our  land  and  time  facts  and  questions  are  pressed  upon  us, 
which  demana  Christian  settlement.  Settlement  on  this  ground  & doctrine. 
We  can  not  escape  the  responsibility.  Being  strong  and  powerful,  we 
must  nurse  and  help  and  educate  ana  foster, the  weaK  anc  poor  and  igno- 
rant. For  my  own  part  I cannot  see  how  we  shall  escape  the  most  terri- 
ble conflict  of  classes,  by  ana  bye,  unless  we  are  educated  into  this 
doctrine  of  duty,  on  the  part  of  the  superior  to  the  inferior. 

We  are  told  by  zealous  and  fanatical  individuals,  that  all  men  are 
equal.  We  Know  better.  They  are  not  equal.  A common  brotherhood  teaches 
no  such  absurdity.  A theory  of  universal  physical  likeness,  is  no  more 
absurd  than  this.  Now  as  ib  all  times, the  strong  go  to  the  top,  the 
weaK  go  to  the  bottom.  It’s  natural,  right  and  cant  be  helped. 

All  branches  are  not  at  the  top  of  the  tree,  but  the  top  aoes  not 
despise  the  lower;  nor  do  they  all, despise  the  limb  or  the  parent 
trunK;  and  so  with  the  body  politic,  there  must  be  classes,  some  must 
be  at  the  top  and  some  must  be  at  the  bottom.  It  is  difficult  to 


' l 


sx.sl  I tno  i 1 osnnoo  3irll  ni  oas,wsi:v  aixfl  ill  iT<  . lelisL'p  \aa  moil 
neve  axisraei  90103  ,nc i Isisoianoo  ixjgy  ioI  Bnilcop  c Yliscfil  sril 
03s  aiiJiiCfiT  axrsca  maill  xiliw  Isrn  I ,ioilc>9eS  OibV  y**  1©H  .V9n  erfl  noil 
t098iiqiiJ3  8 3 xoDila  rfoura  33  a.sw  Ons  ^losjjCTxis  3 in'.}  nc  sniieoncq  9lixlw 
.Dip  ^erf^  solves  9x11  raoil  aniraoo  ,YrfqcaoIixiq  ii9.nl  1c  lliib  axil  AS iw 
9isw  y91H  3iox:w  u ontiT  XicY  wall  sxll  ni  noxil  Pnil  I es  ai9xll  9”i3  I 
moil  3.R9t)i  xious  gnii-sexl  Is  Ogaxiqiue  rfoum  sb  stf  x&m  v cY  , 0©licq9i 
ac  mixi  moil  '19*11x0  Y8®  sw  rfourn  isvsworf  lo€  .bbw  I 3 s ,i9rfo990.iM 
t1o9t,a'u3  aixil  ill iw  Belo9nnco  ancil89Up  vasia  no  Ons  ^ancxlagop  Y*18® 
,9gB  9Xil  1o  alxiiqa  i9lasm  9ill  Issnoms  xnsi  cl  mix!  linoa  laum  IIb  S 9y 
pns  naq  axil  1c  i9»oq  9.rll  91cm  oslucfiilnco  aerl  aqBilieq  9nc  cn  OnA 
.a-3ii  axi  n^xli  ,e3»iixli  1c  slsla  Inaasiq  axil  IjjccTb  §nisniitf  ni  aoiov 
nsniliaq  as  ^noxlsiaoxanco  aLoxiea  ixjoy  cl  On©nniGO  I taa 9lailli9V9n  ,lsY 
jawollol  a ? ,0X88  9vsxl  o 1 09lioq9i  83W  9ii  Isxlw  ,109trfc  Ineasiq  Y®  cl 

tau  noqo  ceaesiq  ©is  anoxia ©up  ons  aloal  arnil  Ons  onsl  u,o  nl*‘ 
sniilocu  & rnucig  eixil  nc  InaasIlldS  .ln9rTeIll9o  nBXlsiirfO  onsraaO  xioiiiw 
aw  , Iu1i9wcq  ons  gnoila  snxaS  . \S  ilicfiencqe©i  aril  sqsoa©  Ion  aeo  97 
-cngi  bns  iccq  ons  xs9W  ©xil,i9lao1  on©  elaou09  Ons  qlso  Ons  ©aixui  laun 
-iii9l  is  cm  9x11  ©q^oa©  I X.srfa  ©w  woxi  99a  lonnso  I t*isq  nwo  y®  *io  y . J nsi 
axxll  clni  oelBOUoe  sis  aw  easlnu  ,9Y<1  Dft*5  ,e9aas!o  lo  loxllnco  s Id 
.icii9lni  sill  cl  loxiaqua  9iil  1c  lisq  9 ill  nc  , Y 1^D  9niiloco 

sns  nem  IIs  IsriJ  ,alBWbxvii>ni  Isoilsnsl  ons  aDolB9S  vcf  Old  91s  eW 
39xlos9l  occdi9riloicf  nonifiioo  A . Isupe  Ion  ©'IB  Y®cIT  .'r.9ll9<l  wonx  9^  « Xbx jpd 
91013  on  ai  ,33909x1!  IsoiaYxlq  Isaievinu  lo  Y^csxll  A .Yli^'1^8^5  xlor/a  on 
Sill  ,qcl  9x11  ol  03  gnoila  sriljRSinxl  Il3  di  as  wcVI  .axrll  OBxfl  oiuecfB 
.Osqlofl  90  Inso  OOB  Irlaii  ,Ibixj1j30  a’ll  .ncllcd  sill  cl  cb  xsaw 
Ion  3 90  0 qol  edl  loor  ,9©il  sill  1c  qol  sill  Sa  len  9iB  asdonsirf  IIA 
InaiBq  ©di  10  (fax!  9 ill  ©eiqaaoJ.lB  \pfiS  oO  icn  {i©wo!  srfl  ©aiqeeo 
lacm  9DI03  .aeaaslo  ©cf  launi  9i9Jil  toxlxIoq  Y Dccf  dliw  oa  Oxlb  ;xnuil 

ol  IXuoxTixo  ax  II  .raclicd  axil  1b  ©cf  Isxim  smca  On.s  qcl  exil  1b  &d 


18 


c 

foresee,  and  estimate  the  development  of  the  power  of  classes  in  America. 
They  are  simply  inevitable.  They  are  here  now,fnd  will  be  more.  If  they 
are  friendly , living  at  peace, loving  ana  respecting  ana  helping  one 
another,  all  will  be  well.  But  if  they  are  selfish,  unchristian;  if  tne 
old  heathen  feeling  is  to  reign, each  extracting  all  he  can  from  his 
neighbor,  and  caring  nothing  for  him;  society  will  be  lined  by  classes 
as  by  seams  - liKe  batteries, each  fireing  broadside  after  broadside,  the 
one  upon  the  other.  If  on  the  other  hatid  the  law  of  love  prevails, there 
will  be  no  ill-will,  no  envy, no  disturbance.  Does  a child  hate  his  father 
because  he  is  chief,  because  he  is  strong  and  wise?  On  the  contrary,  he 
grows  with  his  father’s  growth,  and  strengthens  with  his  strength.  Ana 
if  in  society  there  should  be  fifty  graces  or  classes,  all  helping  each 
other,  there  will  be  no  trouble,  but  perfect  satisfaction  ana  content. 

This  Christian  doctrine  carried  inta  practice,  will  easily  settle  the 
most  troublesome  of  all  home  present  Questions”. 

'That  he  here  said  of  the  state  of  things  where  he  spoxe  in  the 
State  of  New  Yorx,  and  the  fearful  antagonism  of  classes  there,  is  much 
more  applicable  to  us.  Here  it  is  true,  only  two  great  classes  exist,  or 
are  lixely  to  exist, but  these  are  deeply  marKea  by  distinctions  bearing 
the  impress  of  nature.  The  one  is  now  beyond  all  question  greatly  superior 

to  the  other.  These  classes  are  as  &ix±x3c x distinct  as  races  of  men  can  be 

The  one  is -of  the  highest  type  of  humanity,  the  other  of  ‘ho  lowest. 

All  that  he  says  of  the  duty  of  the  superior,  to  protect,  to  aio,  to 
encourage  , anc  to  help  the  inferior,  I fully  ana  coroi;  lly  endorse  ana 
oR1nend  to  you  as  quite  as  applicable  to  us  and  our  situation,  as  it  was 
to  his  auditors.  '.'/Vie the r the  doctrine,  carried  out  arid  practiced,  m ill 
settle  all  these  .most  trouble  some  home  questions  v/ith  us  as  easily*  as 
he  se  mea  to  thin*  it  would  lixe  home  questions-  with  those  whom  he  was 
addressing,  I will  not  undertake  to  say.  I have  no  hesitancy , however, in 
saying-  that  the  general  principles  announced  by  him  are  ’goou.  bet.  them  be 


bJL 


0 

aoii9niA  ni  a983BXa  lo  19  wo q 9dX  !c  irtemcjxXsvQo  ©rfX  ©XBffiiJae  bar,  ,9989*10! 
^9dX  !I  . si  cm  ed  Iliw  3fi3,won  sisri  sib  ig9d?  . 9 Id's.}  i vsrii  ^Xqraie  9i«  xedl 
sno  ^aiqlsd  onB  ^niXoeqaei  dob  gnivc  I , aoiseq  Xs  Bnivil  ^Xofieii!  91s 
&x.3  ii  ; ridi  Xe  iTrionu  ,dsilXee  91s  ^sdl  !i  XuE  .Hew  ocf  IIxw  XIjg  , ladXoriG 
aid  moil  n.39  ed  IXb  sruXosoXxo  doB&,nsiei  oJ  si  ^nilea!  n9dX.sed  Dio 
a^aa.elo  \d  osaxl  sc!  Iliw  x.X9ioc3  ;miri  *10!  jjniriXcn  sni rcfio  ana  ticcfd3i9n 
sdx  toDi8Di?cid  isXls  ©oieUBOicf  jjmeii!  doss , eeii9XXBtf  sail  - SFisea  vrf  as 

9i9dX  ,sli  avgiq  9 vc X tc  wsl  sdX  onnd  ledXc  edX  no  II  .isdXc  odX  noqu  9nc 

< 

i9dXBl  aid  eJarf  dlido  b aecCL  . ecmsdiuia  id  oa^vns  on  tXXiw-IXi  on  scT  Iliw 
9ii  <\,XBilnco  9dX  nC  ?seiw  one  facile  <?i  9d  eeoBoscT  fl9ido  ai  &ri  9?.Dj309cf 
DnA  .dX^nsiXa  aid  dXiw  enadd^neiX 3 one  ,riXwT.i3  a’isdXBl  aid  dXiw  awoiy 
do  i9  ^riiqlari  IIb  ^aeaaBlo  ic  as  jbi%  ^Xli!  9 d olucda  9isdX  \Xsioca  ni  li 
.XnoXrtco  dhb  noil OBlaiXBa  Xoslisq  Xnd  ,eIdi.tciX  on  ad  Iliw  9i9dl  ti9dXc 
9dvt  9 1 X X 93  vXia.39  XXiw  ,99iJ03iq  ©ini  usiiiBO  sniiXocD  n^iXaiido  a idT 

. '' aiic  iXasup  Xn9e9iq  amod  lie  Ic  9raca9ldi'ciX  Xecm 

adX  ni  93ic qa  9d  9i9riw  agnidi  io  aXBXe  adX  lo  dibs  9i9d  9d  X BdV 
doiffn  ai  , aisdX  3933. 3lo  Ic  /naiaojiainB  lulus©!  sdX  Dna  ,xicY  ws’!  Ic  sXbXS 
t98.esi3  * 59T.J  CWJ  ^Inc  , 9JJ1X  a j Xi  9*1  ©II  .so  cX  9lcraoiIqqB  91  cm 
gn i *i t»9cf  anoiXoniXaia  \d  oaai  *n  \Iqs9D  aiB  939dX  XudfXaiX9  cX  Y^d^xl  sib 
ciioq>ja  yXX391^  nciXaaup  XXb  wcn  ai  anc  edT  .anX^n  !c  aaonqtai  sri.r 

d nso  nera  !c  aaos*!  sn  JoniXaiD  xitiiXtacxii  • axfi  393bsXo  9391!^  .TedXo  &r{X  ct 

' » r^id  sdX  !c  ai  9nc  exfT 

CX  « ;xi  ■’  cX  tXoeXc*iq  c • ,ic  he/^  ^dX  qx;;.o  sj  ! 1c  3^3  ei'  XndX  IIA 

XL:  u •ic'i  'fi  i xXId''.  ; tic  iislni  91' X ql9d  cX  dhb  , ) sum; cons 

«nc  IXoL’X  ia  "I  C I.  1 «i  c X ^Xffroil qq ^ sji»  j ss  rc\  cJ  Dnor,C;CM 

IIi\  , >sq;X0B*i . 1 i.B  Xoc  D©i  11159  .sniiXoco  ©dX  isdXod."  , aicXidi  3 aid  cX 

da  YXia/59  aa  so  d.riv.  enciXa©jjo  ©ncd  ©neeelcfiicai  Xac;*  9a ©dX  X [ 5 alii©? 

Soft  .-d  re  . eacdX  dXiw  mciieou-  oogif  3y.1I  cXlcv;  xi  ^nidX  cX  d&pt  93  sd 
. 

. ■ . ■ -r  r 0 n X J x . 

. . .wccr,  91  -5  mix'  qrf  D9om  cnn-5  eyX.qioniiq  X Die 095  edX  X.;dX  jiniY^ 


19 


adopted  by  us  as  far  as  practicable,  Lo  harm  can  come  f run  it,  much 
good  may  ."/lie the r the  great  barrier  of  races  which  the  Creator  has 
placed  between  this,  mr  inferior  class  ana  ourselves,  shall  prevent  a 
success  of  the  experiment  now  on  trial,  of  a.  peaceful , happy  ana  ;rosper- 
ous  community,  composed  of  such  elements  ana  sustaining  present  relations 
towaras  each  other,  or  even  a further  elevation  on  the  part  of  the 
inferior,  if  they  prove  themselves  fit  for  it,  let  the  future, unaer  the 
aispensations  of  Providence , decide.  'Ye  have  to  deal  with  the  present. 

Let  us  ao  our  auty  now,  leaving  results  ana  ultimate  consequences 

To  that  ’’divinity  which  shapes  due  enas, 

Rough  hew  them  how  we  will.’’ 

In  all  things  on  this  subject  as  in  all  others,  let  our  guiaeoasosius.  be 
the  admirable  motto  of  our  State. Let  our  counsels  be  governed  by  Y/isaom, 
our  neasures  by  Moderation  ana  our  principles  by  Justice. 


So  much  for  what  I haveto  say  on  this  occasion,  touching 
our  present  duties  on  this  absorbing  subject,  ana  some  of  our  duties 
in  reference  to  a.  restoration  of  peace, law  and  order;  without  which 
all  must,  sooner  or  later,  enu  in  utter  confusion, anarchy  ana  despotism 
I have  as  I said  I should,  only  glanced  at  some  general  ideas. 

Now  as  to  the  future, and  the  prospect  before  usJ  On  this  branch 
of  the  subject  I can  add  but  little.  You  can  form  some  ideas  of  my 
views  of  that  from  what  has  already  been  said.  Y/oula  that  I could 
sa.y  something  cheergul;  but  that  candor,  which  has  marxea  all  that 
I have  said,  compels  me  to  say  that  to  me  the  future  is  far  from  being 
bright.  It  is  aartt  and  impenetrable.  Thiele  gloom  curtains  and 
closes  in  the  horizon  all  around  me.  Thus  much  I can  say:  my  only 
hope  is  in  the  peaceful  re-establishment  of  good  government,  ana 
its  peaceful  maintenance  afterwards.  And  further,  the  most  hopeful 
prospect  to  this  end  now, is  the  restoration  of  the  old  yn ion, ana  with 


— « ,•<  -.0  ran,,  C : .8X«,o^o,-I:  a,'  ,,V;  a.  ,cf  ^ 

: **  c ’ ! * ■■  - ^ » ■■  ■ . ., 

* 'VMf;  ,R9VXW‘-t  "w  se«°  -wo  ,«i,V  ncavvXacf 

' ■ “ - ■ : - ‘ ’ ♦**  » --  ft*  - ft  ^ * 88|  , 

iJ'  ’ ' - --  « 8 , 

f<  ' " *w  ■ » • » ' - • * * 5 

&XiJ  19UfIL  ,31W  Jj&l  9il  + J 3X  tr  frl  + r *> 

' ’ J •••»««»nsn  t vsrM.  tx  ,«rcXa*lni 

' 1 X 1 ■ f j^Xv>  ‘.e-  1 f t 9y  */-,  n’  , i 

.soxor>o,9o,i9,>xvcH  1c  sricfJ.ss'neqaij) 

**o»»i,i>mttco  M -Bj  iu.  8Jfus9,  ,„rvi<1  „... 

■■  1 «'rI  "J*  o 1UC  CO  HU  Xf-.I 

«•""*  *ic  itoXif*  'vXXnXfiV  x*,/  <7  • 

,w  wcri  nsifi  ..-or f x*‘  i,or 

■■’  ^ ^ 3S  ir?  0 X i j i < t h I ■ ' \ - 

•',aw  ,c  IX"  •“  «•>  S39^  «Wi  ae  feVnirfi  iu  „t 

“608j*  "•"’fVCi  Mt  «M|WM  Tlrt)  X„r  »*_«*  ,,. 

J9...sX*X3  wc  ,c  cJJcri  eldmimos  sri 

•90ita‘'1  V-rf  «*H«>**q  T..C  o„«  .ciJxm*  *f  E9s„E!an  ,uc 


Snill0UtJ  •“ClR-’90C  •*«  V*  i xcHw  ,ct  rfocn  ce 

*****  7Ue  * *****  «K4»*  nr  ltolW  ^ . 

***  *««.  ,•«.  «<iX,eM»q  tc  ««««*.*  . io^U  »> 

"JCW“  Wtoaeafl , nc  rtutnc  a One  .xeXoX  ,c  Wee  xx„ 

■■  •>»■■'■' ’IS  Vnc  f.,x„rj(l,  - 


5*“  9'10^9rf  toaV^  ««  Wie.eauXwt  arfx  ex  8a  woil 
W ‘C  9"CB  raiCl  ^ UCY  oo.  nao  x Ja8llft.8  9f(i  ,c 

“ ' ' ' UlUCV  n99d  V»««ie  uui  i«fw  noil  JjaxfX  t0  SW8i, 

JOrlJ  IX  > J/i  ‘,9i‘iV  '’tcoM°  iali*  *»*  ?XOSi»*Uo  SnixfJssos  ^ 

S X9<1  aC'J  ’,”1  ?"1U"Ul  9CX  9?'  Ci  isJ<J  c}  *»  a-tsqnco  ,ox  « 9v,rf  t 

^ nni8itu9  raccXS  *oWT  . aX^Xans^x  ana  „80  Bi  XX  .xrisx,d 

'XXn<"  ^ :Y93  1 3CCX  • so  on,, ox*  XX*  nciiTori  srfx  nX  3«Pcx0 

ono  ,x„sran„vca  oocs  xo  XnaririaXXdaXaa-sn  Xnlea*9q  6rfx  nX  aX  a,cri 
Xo,aqcri  xaoc  adx  ,^ot  onA  aoaonaXnXnn  Xntaaaa,  8>x 

°Hfl*nCi,,V  °XC  ^ * noX JsToXaai  a,x  ax,v,0„  ona  si,X  c,  Xaa.aoxn 


20 


it  the  speeay  return  of  fraternal  feeling  throughout  its  length 
and  "breadth.  These  results  depend  upon  ihe  people  themselves  - upon 
the  people  of  the  Norht  quite  as  much  as  the  people  of  the  South  - 
upon  their  virtue,  intelligence  and  patriotism,  I repeat,  I fiave  faith 
in  the  American  people,  in  their  virtue , intelligence  and  patriotism. 

But  for  this  I should  leng  since  have  despaired.  - DarK  ana  gloomy  as 
the  present  hour  is,  I do  not  yet  despair  of  free  institutions.  Let 
but  the  virtues,  intelligence  and  patriotism  of  the  people  throughout 
the  whole  country  be  properly  appealed  to,  aroused  ana  brought  into 
action,  and  all  may  yet  be  well.  The  masses,  everywhere,  are  aliKe 
equally  interested  in  the  great  object.  Let  old  issues,  old  questions, 
old  differences  and  old  feuds, be  regarded  as  fossils  of  another  epoch. 
They  belong  to  what  may  hereafter  be  considered  the  Silurian  period 
of  our  hi  story .Great , new,  living  questions  are  before  us.  Let  it  not  be 
said  of  us  in  this  day,  not  yet  passed,  of  our  country’s  greatest  trial 
ana  agony,  that,  "there  was  aw  party  for  Cae sar , a party  for  P$ypp ey,  ana 
a party  for  Brutus, but  no  party  for  Rome." 

But  let  all  patriots, by  whatever  distinctive  name  heretofore 
styled, rally , in  all  elections  everywhere,  to  the  support  of  him,  be 
he  who  he  may,  who  bears  the  standard  with  "Constitutional  Union"  em- 
blasoned  on  its  folas.  President  Johnson  is  now  in  my  judgment  the 
chief  great  standard  bearer  of  these  principles,  ana  in  his  efforts  at 
restoration  should  receive  the  cordial  support  of  every  well  wishwr 
of  his  country. 

In  this  consists, on  this  rests, my  only  hope.  Should  he  be  sustained, 
and  the  Government  restored  to  its  former  functions,  all  the  States 
brought  bacK  to  their  practical  relations  under  the  Constitution,  our 
situation  will  be  greatly  changed  from  what  it  was  before.  A radical  and 
fundamental  change,  as  has  been  stated, has  been  made  in  that  organic 
law.  V/e  shall  have  lost  what  was  Known  as  our  "peculiar  institution" 


ri^nsl  &Si  Sucd&JczdS  an ildal  IsnzeSo il  tc  niLisi  ^oeeqs  srfi  Si 
cicqb  - s 9 v X 92iTT9n j elqceq  erf  noqn  brieqeb  aSI  <se?  Pasr  .rfibssicf  nna 
f TUca  9I*J  fC  eXQC©l  srfi  «fi  rforn  3.3  9JiLT;j  irficJI  erfi  Jc  ©Iqcsq  edS 
n :i5-  1 .Jseqei  I ,na  i’iclirrfq  bns  ©onssillstni  .suiiiv  lisrfj  rrc  qn 

.w.uoiis&q  oob  eons^iLleSni  .aiiSzi^  -risrfi  ni  ^elqceq  riBOixen/,  ©rlct  ni 
o3  \jnccla  -ns  ai>i(I  - . D9ii sqasn  evsrf  sonia  §nof  Dlucrfa  I a ills  zct  j;jg 
JsJ  .anoiSdiSani  sail  lo  i ifiqesb  Jev  ion  ob  I ,ei  iwcrf  inesoiq  sdS 
Sucd^uczdS  alqaaq  ©rfj  lc  maiioiiiaq  bits  sona^m© ini  ,a»Diiiv  srfj  Sud 
cun  Sii&jGid  arts  oeauo-i.fi  fcJ  OeXseqqa  vlneqciq  erf  ^Jfit'co  elate  ads 
3>»il3  91.6  ,9i9rfvvxiev9  .asaasm  atf?  , Heir  srf  S9^  Y*n  XX.fi  bus  tnciiofi 
.anciJaaup  Die  fa9Deai  bid  ieJ  .iostrfo  Xfi9iS  9ffS  ni  bsiasisini  vll.wpe 
.noeqe  lerfioas  ic  aliaecl  a 3 bsoisssi  ©tf^busl  nlc  one  890391911:115  ole 
dc xi9q  neiiDlia  9rft  bsiebianco  9rf  iailfi9i©rf  yb^  isrfw  ci  gnolotf  Y©rfT 
srf  ion  Si  J&d  ,au  siclsrf  313  anoiJaeup  gnivil  twenf iaeiO. YioJsirf  zuo  Jc 
lii-u  iaeiae-is  a’x-iSfwoo  zve  lo  tb9aa3q  Isy  Sen  ,Y8b  aids  ni  an  Jo  bisa 
”n  ; «^9CW^  *<**  xi-iaq  fi  .weesO  icl  Y^sq  n asw  oierii"  , i^rfi  ,^038  uni 

’ .srac;;  ic  1 Y^i'>q  cn  lurffai,1niH;  icl  0 

9iclci9iorf  oxnsn  9Viioni Ja ia  zeveS'.dv/  Yrf«eiciiiBq  IXs  Sel  SulL 

,nnrf  ’ c iioqqus  9dS  cS  .sierfwYievs  anc iiosls  IXs  ni , yXI  11  .bel^ie 
-us  f.cinr  Isnc  liwixlencO"  rfi  iw  biBbneia  9rfi  a 13  erf  erfw  tYsm  srf  criw  srf 
erLt  ineu&ODrf,  XV  ni  wen  ai  ncanrfcL  ineuiesil  .aolcl  a Si  nc  bencanlrf 
tB  M-C*rie  ni  uoa  .aelqioaiiq  sesrfi  lc  isifisrf  bifibn  da  isoiS  q9jrf0 

iBrfexw  Hew  Yi^vs  lc  iicqqus  Isioico  srfi  evisoei  olncrfa  nciifiiciaei 

• Yiittwco  g iff  jc 

'fjemeSaua  srf  9rf  elccrfS  .sqcrf  vine  vjr^Saei  aids  no,aieienoo  e irfi  ni 

Bsi,ii2  srfi  XX3  tanc  iionul  zaanol  eSi  oS  bsic Seen  insmnisvcfl  erfi  one 
•iDc  fnc  ilLiiiancO  edS  neonu  anciSalut  I^oisosiq  lieds  cS  ^osrf  Sd^uczd 
Dn*  l60iD«'1  A ,9icl9rf  asw  Si  Ssdv  fitit  beansrfo  Yx^^eiS  srf  Xliw  nciicuiia 

oins^ic  iaxii  ni  eo-ira  nssrf  aerf^Deiaie  nssrf  serf  as  tssiifirfo  Xa^nemsbrn/'l 

"nciiuiiiaai  isrluosq” 


me  3 3 nwcnai  sbw  Ssdw  Sad  9 vsrf  IX.^rfe  ©V/  .wsl 


21 


which  was  so  intertwined  with  the  whole  framework  of  our  State  body 
politic.  We  shall  have  lost  nearly  half  the  accumulated  capital  of  a cen- 
tury. But  we  shall  have  still  left  all  the  essentials  of  free  government, 
contained  and  embodied  in  the  old  Constitution,  untouched  and  un- 
impaired as  they  came  from  the  hands  of  our  fathers.  With  these,  even  if 
we  had  to  begin  entirely  anew,  the  prospect  before  us  would  be  much  more 
encouraging  than  the  prospect  was  before  them,  when  they  fled  from  the 
oppressions  of  the  old  world,  and  sought  shelter  and  homes  in  this  then 
wilderness  land.  The  liberties  we  begin  with, they  had  to  achieve.  With 
the  same  energies  and  virtues  they  displayed,  we  have  much  more  £o  cheer 

us  than  they  had.  with  a climate  unrivalled  in  salubrity;  with  a soil  un- 
surpassed in  fertility;  and  with  products  unequalled  in  value  in  the  mar- 
kets of  the  world,  to  say  nothing  of  our  mineral  resources,  we  shall  have 
much  still  to  wed  us  to  the  good  old  land.  With  good  government,  the  ma- 
trix from  which  alone  spring  all  great  human  achievement s, we  shall  lack 
nothing  but  our  own  proper  exertions,  not  only  to  recover  our  former 
prosperity,  but  to  attain  a much  higher  degree  of  development  in 
everything  that  characterises  a great,  free,  and  happy  people.  At 
least  I Know  of  no  other  land  that  the  sun  shines  upon,  that  offers 
better  prospects  under  the  contingencies  stated. 

The  old  Union  was  based  upon  the  assump ti on, that  it  was  for  the 
best  interest  of  the  people  of  all  the  States  to  be  united  as  they 
were,  ea.  cfc  State  faithfully  performing  to  the  people  of  the  other 
States,  all  their  obligations  under  the  common  compact.  I always 
thought  this  assumption  was  founded  upon  broad, correct , and  statesman- 
like principles.  I think  so  yet.  It  was  only  when  it  seemed  to  be 
impossible  further  to  maintain  it,  without  hazarding  greater  evils 
than  would  perhaps  il&khx  attend  a sepaf ati on, that  I yielded  my  assent  in 
obedience  to  the  voice  of  Georgia,  to  try  the  experiment  which  has 
just  resulted  so  disastrously  to  us.  Indeed,  during  the  whole 


f X°C(j  9i*38  "1UC  lc  *™we*s-il  sloifw  edX  dXiw  b©niwX-i©Xni  oa  saw  doidw 
-ne°  b *c  UJiq#o  x>9**Imuoo»  ©dX  U iti  vJLisen  Jaol-ewf  Xlsda  ©V  .0Jxilcq 
tXn©mnisvG8  S9il  >o  alaiJneee©  edX  IXa  XleX  IliXe  ©vad  Haifa  ©w  XuF  .YinX 

“LUJ  orw  oer{oLJClau  «nc iXeric 0 bXc.  ©dx  ni  beibcdta©  bn  - beaidXnco 
II  “9V9  ,9a©iM  riXiY.  .*i©dXal  me  Jc  atinsrl  ©dX  me  iJ  ©rmo  \e  rl'  a a bsiiaqm 
9'icm  doura  ecf  o£u cw  su  eictecf  Xoeqeciq  ©dx  tws«a  \leHtna  aigacf  cX  bail  ©w 

bJ<  * 1X1011  13911  ^ex{J>  rt8rfw  «merf*  e-icled  saw  Xosqao-iq  ©dX  aadX  gnigsii/oons 
nea.J  aidX  ni  eemorl  baa  i©XI©de  Xdguoa  an©  fbXicw  ble  ©dX  anc ieasiqqc 

llU"  •ev9irio*  ^X  osrf  i£©rfX,dXiw  nib©d  ©w  aaiXiscfil  ©dT  ,DnaI  ©esnisbliw 
s sii o c?:  9icm  down  ©vari  9w  tb©xfiXqaib  Y*dX  a&uJiiv  boa  aeigiom©  ©mae  ©dX 

-^©dx  n/1©ul«v^i'1?^f?8  tU  °9lfi3Viim;  9J 81111 10  « .bad  ^©dX  nsxfi  au 

1 0ulBV  ni  ^s-t-C-swpamj  eXobbciq  dXiw  bna  ^XiliXie'i  ni  beaeaqiue 

svsii  Unite  ©yv  ,8©oiboa©i  Xaisaim  me  *ic  gairfXoa  va©  CX  ,dXtcw  ©dX  Jc  eX©* 

-am  ©dX  ,Xnemai©vog  *iccg  dXiw  .bnaX  blc  beeg  ©dX  cX  au  b©w  cX  XXiXa  dobm 

ii-xaX  IXada  9/  taXaom©v©idoB  namuri  Jasis  Ha  gniiqR  ©nola  doidw  mciJ  xiiX 

ismaol  IL'O  19VC.091  CX  Yifio  Xcn  ,enc  iXisx©  i©qciq  awe  ibe  Xucf  gairiXcn 

ai  XnemqoXeveb  Jo  95ig©b  i&dgirf  doum  s aiaXXa  cX  Xurf  , YXiieqeciq 

1A  Yqq-d  baa  ,99irt  ,Xa©i3  a a©a iieXoaiado  Xadx  gnidXY'iev© 

8 1®1 10  ****  *ac^  8snirte  ana  ©riX  XadX  onaX  «i©dXc  on  *c  won*  I XaasX 

. b©X ©Xa  asioaegniXnco  ©dX  i©bax/  aXo©qac*iq  asXXsd 


9nx  ic  i eaw  Xi  XadX  tac  iXqmueaa  ©dX  noqu  beasd  aaw  noiaU  9IfT 

^X  36  D9*xnb  ©cf  cX  a©XaXa  ©riX  XXa  1c  ©Iqceq  ©dX  qc  XesieXni  Xe©cf 
'i9r.Xc  ©riX  Jo  ©Xqcsq  ©dX  cX  gaimic*ti©q  Yllw^Xisl  eXaX2  i^oa©  ,©i9w 
s^awXa  I . Xoeqaoo  aemmeo  ©dX  i9bnu  anciXagildo  lisdX  XXa  fa©XjBXr, 
-aamaaXaXa  oas f Xo©noo , bacicf  aoqu  b©babc>  aaw  nclXqmaaaa  eirli  XdgbcdX 
ad  ex  b©m©93  xi  a©dw  ^Inc  aaw  XI  ,x©Y  ce  xaidX  I .aelqioniiq  ©xiX 
aXiv©  aexaeig  gnibiasad  XbcdXiw  ,xi  aiaXaiam  cX  i©dX ml  altiiaecqmi 
ni  Xaseas  w :,9i>X9X^  I XsifX , no i Xa^aqse  a onsXXa  eqadieq  dXkck  aadx 

ead  doidw  Xasraiisqxe  ©dx  ^ cX  .aigic©?)  Ic  ©aiev  ©dX  cX  ©oasibedc 
^.Icdw  ©dX  gaiiui)  , besbal  ,au  cX  yXst-oiXa  ©a  id  oa  neXX;  ia9i  XeL:t 


22 


» 


lamentable  conflict,  it  was  my  opinion  that  however  the  penuing 
strife  might  terminate,  so  far  as  the  appeal  to  the  swprcl  was  concerned, 
yet  after  a while,  when  the  passions  aan  excitements  of  the  uay 
should  pass  away,  an  adjustment  or  arrangement  would  be  made  upon 
Continental  principles,  upon  the  general  basis  of  "reciprocal  advant- 
age and  mutual  convenience,"  on  which  the  Union  was  first  established, 
desire 

My  earnest , however, throughout , was  whatever  might  be  done, 
might  be  peacefully  done;  might  be  the  result  of  calm,  ai spassi onate , 
and  enlightened  reason;  looxing  to  the  permanent  interests  and  welfare 
of  all.  and  now,  after  the  severe  chastisement  of  war,  if  the  general 
sense  of  the  whole  country  shall  come  bacx  to  the  acKnowleagement  of 
the  original  assumpion  , that  it  is  for  the  best  interests  of  all 
the  States  to  be  so  united,  as  I trust  it  will;  the  States  still 
being  "separate  as  the  billows  but  one  as  the  sea';  I can  perceive 
no  reason  why,  under  such  restoration,  we  as  a whole  with  "peace, 
commerce,  and  honest  friendships  with  all  nations  and  entangling 
alliance  with  none,  "may  not  enter  upon  a new  career,  exciting 
increased  wonder  in  the  old  world,  by  grander  achievements  hereafter 
to  be  made,  than  any  heretofore  attained,  by  the  peaceful  and  har- 
monious worxingsog  our  American  institutions  of  self  government. 

All  this  is  possible  if  the  hearts  of  the  people  be  right.  It  is 
my  warmest  wish  to  see  it.  Fondly  would  I indulge  ray  fancy  in  gazing 
on  such  a picture  of  the  future.  With  what  rapture  may  we  not  suppose 
the  spirits  of  our  fathers  would  hail  its  opening  scenes  from  their 
mansions  above.  Such  are  my  hopes,  resting  on  such  contingencies.  But 
if,  instead  of  all  this,  the  passions  of  the  day  shall  continue  to 
bear  sway;  if  prejudice  shall  rule  the  hour;  if  a conflict  of  races 
shall  arise;  if  ambition  shell  turn  the  scale;  if  the  sword  shall  be 
thrown  in  the  balance  against  patriotism;  if  the  embers  of  the  late 
war  shall  be  Kept  a glowing  until  with  new  fuel  they  shall  flame 


) 


ss 


^niuneq  9dX  isvawcd  XsrfX  ac-iniqo  vjn  sew  Xx  ,XDxXXrtco  alcfsiaem.Bl 
,J39ni9oaco  aav.  oiqwa  sx^X  cX  Is9qqB  9dX  gjs  us  I os  t9X8ninri9X  Xd;giiTT  aXiiXs 
X60  S1*'3'  lo  SXlI9flj9XX0X9  HOB  anc iae sq  ©dX  nsrfw  ,eXxiiw  b isXXb  fey 
noqu  903X11  ad  dXxjcw  Xnerna^ nous  ic  XnaniXautda  as  ,y®wb  ea.sq  DXucxfa 
-xnovos  Isociqia©!"  Xc  aieacf  XBiensa  adX  noqu  #88lqxonxiq  XsXflsnxXncO 
. 0exisiXcft3X8  9 XaixX  aa.v  nciaU  ©rfX  rfoxdw  ac  M , ©onainsvaco  XbuXuiti  on«  ©v^ 

9*1X890 

f9HC0  9Cf  Xd^iH  19V9Xsdw  8BW  , XiJOf  gUClriX  , ISVQWCXf  , X8  90*13©  \J[ 
,9X sac X88 sqa io  4raXso  Xc  XXuaai  adX  ed  Xrfgin  ;enco  YXIuX9039q  sd  Xd^xm 
9ia'iX9W  -cub  sX39i9Xni  Xaen8mi9q  9rfX  oX  snxaccX  jncassi  dsasXo'^iXns  lcis 
Xbi© neg  9dX  Xx  ,ibw  Xo  Xnsmsa  iXs.sdo  si9vea  sdX  isXXs  ,wcn  das  . IIb  Xc 
Xc  X a o in  a o 9 X wo  a>i  o s sxlX  cX  *osd  9mco  XXsda  viXacco  ©Xcdw  9dX  Xc  esnsa 
XXb  Xc  3X6919 Xax  Xesd  9dX  icX  si  Xi  Xbx(X  , nciqnoasjs  Isnxbi'ic  9dx 
XXxXe  3 9 X bX  3 9ii'X  ;XXxw  Xx  XeuiX  I as  ,d9Xxnu  cs  sd  cX  39XbXS  sdX 
svxsoisq  H30  I j’-ssa  gxiX  as  9nc  Xod  awcXXxd  9dX  as  eXBiBq&a”  ^nxsd 
f90»59q'  dXx.v  9 Xcxlw  e as  9W  ,acxXsicX89i  rioua  i9onx;  fiC8«9i  ca 

jniI^n,:Xi'9  on s anoxXsn  IIb  dJ  iw  ocqixlsonsiil  Xa&ncri  dn.s  t90i8inmco 
fcaxXxoxs  ,199130  W9II  s nc  qu  19X119  Xc  n \ann  ,9aca  dXiw  sonaxlls 
i©X  x S9i9xf  aXaains  vsiaos  lannsi^  toIicw  ole  sd X nx  i©dncw  oseseionx 
-iBd  ons  XuXsoBsq  sdX  \<d  ,D9ai3XlB  9iclcX9i9ri  \as\  asdX  ,sd3c;  9 d cX 
• Xaemaievc^j  XX9s  'Ic  eac  xXoX xXsai  nBoxismA  me  ^ca^axaicw  sucxncii 
ax  XI  . Xd^xi  9d  9Xqceq  sdX  Xc  aXissrf  adX  Xx  sXdxeecq  ax  axdX  LIA 
nx  \oiiBi  YD'.  s^Iuonx  I oXjjcw  YXoncr,;  .Xx  ssa  cX  daxw  Xeomsw  yjn. 
©aoqqoa  Xca  ew  9 n/Xqr.i  Xsxiw  riXx’  .9 loXol  sdX  Ic  eiL-Xoiq  b done  ac 

ixsnX  inoil  asn9oa  sa^as(I0  aXx  X x sxf  oXucw  ai9dX.sl  iuc  'to  aXxiiqa  srfX 
XBt.  . 39x0119^0 iXaoo  does  ac  ^axXsai  ,saqcd  '</n  sis  x1ol&  .avcdB  eac  xanBrr 
cX  aunxXrico  Xlsds  vbd  sdX  Ic  aacissBq  9dX  ,axdX  IIb  *ic  dBeXarix  ,lx 
aso.si  Xc  XoxIXaco  8 ri  ;iucd  edx  9X01  Ilsda  soxm;r,9iq  Xx  ;ysv'8  i89d 
9d  Xisde  dicwa  sdX  Xx  jpXbos  eriX  aiuX  Ilsde  acxXxd^  Xx  j&sxib  IXBffe 
9X3X  sdX  c 3 19 di-.i9  edX  Xx  jmaxXcxiX.sq  Xaaxsj-B  eoaslsd  9f'X  nx  a1,  cidx 
9hbI  : XX-sris  Y9J;X  I9JjX  W9fi  riXxv;  IxXnu  ^nxwcXjj  b Xqex  9d  XXsda  i.ew 


23 

up  again,  then  our  present  gloom  is  but  the  shadow,  the  penumbra  o 
that  deeper  and  darker  eclipse,  which  is  to  totally  obscure  this 
hemishhere  and  blight  forever  the  anxious  anticipations  and  expec 
tetions  of  manicindl  Then  hereafter  by  some  bare  it  may  be  sung, 

'The  Star  of  Hope  shone  brightest  in  the  West, 

The  hope  of  Liberty,  the  last,  the  best; 

That  too  has  set,  upon  her  aarKenea  shore, 

And  Hope  ana  Freedom  light  up  earth  no  more.' 

May  we  not  all  on  this  occasion,  on  this  anniversary  of  the 
birth  day  of  Washington,  join  in  a fervent  prayer  to  Heaven 
that  the  great  Ruler  of  events  may  avert  from  this  land,  such 
a fell,  such  a fate,  and  such  a requiem! 


*"■'  a'“''’StfC  'cICilct  CJ  *i  tottlw  ,e.sqJtX09  baa 

a8,XB‘  Uf,S  suci;^  *»  WWt  JxfelXtf  ona  exerixXaimari 

*'am,a  e"  X';n  4i  ***  9rxa  «rf  tsXlsaxexf  non";  lonijman  to  8„ciJ^ 


Xas,  e/i.t  nx  Xsaixlsiirf  eacite  eqcH  'to  t f.3?.  : ,rfT ’ 

l’ae<t  et!J  9r,J  , \CJ-tetfxJ  to  8qori  9|JT 

*9-IC£(a  u9r'9;«*!0  19X1  nc.qu  ,.t»8  SGri  cri  te[IT 
.axon  Ctx  ritaas  qu  XxfgiX  me  as  ax'.;  on«  sqoIT  on/, 


9x/X  lc  atdt  nc  .(lcxeaoao  axrfJ.  nc  XX.,  Jo„  9W  ^ 

^ «"..H  oX  »W(!  tnevxot  a nx  nxot  .TOXx-saV  to  ^0  rf/xxo' 
,'-'<aX  axx.x  **at  .'xeva  *an  axnsvo  lc  xsXun  t*aih  a?.)  3 alf) 

:a9ii jpgi  « fToire  bns  tei^J  3 rrouS  tIX^  n 


BOSTON  COLLEGE  LIBRARY 

UNIVERSITY  HEIGHTS 
CHESTNUT  HILL,  MASS. 


Books  may  be  kept  for  two  weeks  and  may  be 
renewed  for  the  same  period,  unless  reserved. 

Two  cents  a day  is  charged  for  each  book  kept 
overtime. 

If  you  cannot  find  what  you  want,  ask  the 
Librarian  who  will  be  glad  to  help  you. 

The  borrower  is  responsible  for  books  drawn 
on  his  card  and  for  all  fines  accruing  on  the  same. 


